Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.
Ann Acad Med Singap. 2012 Feb;41(2):49-66.
Mental illnesses are not only a growing public health concern but also a major social and economic issue affecting individuals and families throughout the world. The prevalence of mental disorders, the extent of disability caused by these disorders, and services utilisation of these patients has been well studied in developed countries. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of select mental disorders and their associated sociodemographic correlates in the adult Singapore resident population.
This was a cross-sectional, populationbased, epidemiological study of adult Singapore residents aged 18 years and above. The subjects were randomly selected using a disproportionate stratified sampling method. The diagnoses of selected mental disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD), dysthymia, bipolar (bipolar I & II) disorders, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence were established using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, which is a fully structured diagnostic instrument that assesses lifetime and 12-month prevalence of mental disorders.
Among the 6616 respondents (response rate of 75.9%), 12.0% had at least one lifetime affective, anxiety, or alcohol use disorders. The lifetime prevalence of MDD was 5.8% and that of bipolar disorder was 1.2%. The combined lifetime prevalence of the 2 anxiety disorders, GAD and OCD was 3.6%, with the latter being more common than GAD (0.9% and 3.0% respectively). The lifetime prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence were found to be 3.1% and 0.5% respectively. Age, gender, ethnicity, marital status and chronic physical illnesses were all significant correlates of mental disorders.
The identified associated factors would help guide resource allocation, policy formulation and programme development in Singapore.
精神疾病不仅是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，也是一个影响全球个人和家庭的主要社会和经济问题。在发达国家，精神障碍的患病率、这些障碍造成的残疾程度以及这些患者的服务利用情况已经得到了充分的研究。本研究的目的是确定成年新加坡居民中选定精神障碍的患病率及其与社会人口统计学相关因素。
这是一项横断面、基于人群的、对 18 岁及以上成年新加坡居民的流行病学研究。使用不成比例的分层抽样方法随机选择研究对象。使用综合国际诊断访谈（Composite International Diagnostic Interview）确定选定精神障碍的诊断，包括重性抑郁障碍（MDD）、心境恶劣障碍、双相（I 型和 II 型）障碍、广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）、强迫症（OCD）、酒精滥用和酒精依赖，这是一种完全结构化的诊断工具，评估精神障碍的终生和 12 个月患病率。
在 6616 名应答者（应答率为 75.9%）中，有 12.0%至少有一种终生情感、焦虑或酒精使用障碍。MDD 的终生患病率为 5.8%，双相障碍的终生患病率为 1.2%。2 种焦虑障碍（广泛性焦虑障碍和强迫症）的终生合并患病率为 3.6%，后者比前者更常见（分别为 0.9%和 3.0%）。酒精滥用和依赖的终生患病率分别为 3.1%和 0.5%。年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状况和慢性躯体疾病都是精神障碍的显著相关因素。
确定的相关因素将有助于指导新加坡的资源分配、政策制定和方案制定。
