Wei Shaowei, Li Yin
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2011 Dec;27(12):1702-10.
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC, EC 4.1.1.31) is an important ubiquitous cytosol enzyme that fixes HCO3 together with phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and yields oxaloacetate that can be converted to intermediates of the citric acid cycle. In plant cells, PEPC participates in CO2 assimilation and other important metabolic pathways, and it has broad functions in different plant tissues. PEPC is also involved in the regulation of storage product synthesis and metabolism in seeds, such as affecting the metabolic fluxes from sugars/starch towards the synthesis of fatty acids or amino acids and proteins. In this review, we introduced the progress in classification, structure and regulation of PEPC in plant tissues. We discussed the potential applications of plant PEPCs in genetic engineering. The researches in functions and regulation mechanism of plant PEPCs will provide beneficial approaches to applications of plant PEPCs in high-yield crops breeding, energy crop and microbe genetic engineering.
磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶（PEPC，EC 4.1.1.31）是一种重要的普遍存在于胞质溶胶中的酶，它将碳酸氢根与磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸（PEP）结合，生成草酰乙酸，草酰乙酸可转化为柠檬酸循环的中间产物。在植物细胞中，PEPC参与二氧化碳同化和其他重要的代谢途径，在不同植物组织中具有广泛的功能。PEPC还参与种子中贮藏产物合成和代谢的调控，例如影响糖/淀粉向脂肪酸或氨基酸及蛋白质合成的代谢通量。在本综述中，我们介绍了植物组织中PEPC在分类、结构和调控方面的研究进展。我们讨论了植物PEPC在基因工程中的潜在应用。对植物PEPC功能和调控机制的研究将为植物PEPC在高产作物育种、能源作物和微生物基因工程中的应用提供有益途径。
