Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada.
Macromol Biosci. 2012 May;12(5):608-20. doi: 10.1002/mabi.201100419. Epub 2012 Apr 17.
Efficient drug delivery to the eye remains a challenging task for pharmaceutical scientists. Due to the various anatomical barriers and the clearance mechanisms prevailing in the eye, conventional drug delivery systems, such as eye drop solutions, suffer from low bioavailability. More invasive methods, such as intravitreal injections and implants, cause adverse effects in the eye. Recently, an increasing number of scientists have turned to nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems to address the challenges faced by conventional methods. This paper highlights recent applications of various nanomaterials, such as polymeric micelles, hydrogels, liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers, and cyclodextrins as ocular drug delivery systems to enhance the bioavailability of ocular therapeutic agents.
将药物有效递送至眼部对于制药科学家而言仍是一项挑战。由于眼部存在多种解剖学屏障和清除机制，常规的药物递送系统（如滴眼液）的生物利用度较低。而更具侵入性的方法，如玻璃体内注射和植入物，则会对眼部造成不良反应。近来，越来越多的科学家开始转向基于纳米材料的药物递送系统，以解决常规方法所面临的挑战。本文重点介绍了各种纳米材料（如聚合物胶束、水凝胶、脂质体、非诺霉素、树枝状大分子和环糊精）作为眼部药物递送系统的最新应用，以提高眼部治疗药物的生物利用度。
