Larsen J W A, Tyrell L D, Anderson N
The Mackinnon Project, University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Hwy., Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2012 May;90(5):158-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00914.x.
To compare the prevalence of breech flystrike ('breech-strike') on 12-20-month-old Merino hoggets that were mulesed, had breech and tail clips applied ('clipped') or were left unmulesed but treated strategically with long-acting insecticide.
A cohort study on three farms in southern Victoria.
Three treatment groups were established at lamb marking on each farm. The unmulesed group was treated with dicyclanil when 12 months old in September or October ('early-season treatment'). The prevalence of breech-strike and key risk factors, including soiling of the breech with faeces ('dag') and urine ('stain'), and breech wrinkle, were compared between the groups.
Over all the farms, breech-strike occurred on 1.1% of mulesed sheep and 7.7% of clipped sheep. Clipped sheep had a relative risk of breech-strike of 18.2-, 16.8- and 3.0-fold that of mulesed sheep on the three farms. Unmulesed sheep treated with dicyclanil had a similar prevalence of breech-strike to that of mulesed sheep (overall 0.9%, range 0-2.5%), but had significantly more dag, stain and wrinkle.
Early-season treatment of unmulesed sheep prevented most breech-strikes during the spring and early summer, and offers a short- to medium-term option for the control of breech-strike in south-eastern Australia. There were some benefits associated with using clips, namely less dag and stain, and a shorter time spent crutching. However, to control breech-strike the clipped sheep should be treated the same as unmulesed sheep. Reducing the prevalence and severity of dag will be a major component of strategies to control breech-strike of Merinos in this region.
比较在12至20月龄的美利奴育成羊中,进行过剪尾手术、进行过臀部和尾部修剪(“修剪”)或未进行剪尾手术但用长效杀虫剂进行策略性处理的羊发生臀蝇蛆病(“臀蝇蛆侵袭”)的患病率。
在维多利亚州南部的三个农场进行的队列研究。
每个农场在羔羊标记时设立三个处理组。未剪尾组在9月或10月12月龄时用双甲脒处理(“季节早期处理”)。比较各组之间臀蝇蛆侵袭的患病率以及关键风险因素,包括臀部被粪便(“粪污”)和尿液(“污渍”)弄脏的情况以及臀部褶皱情况。
在所有农场中,剪尾羊发生臀蝇蛆侵袭的比例为7.7%,而进行过剪尾手术的羊为1.1%。在三个农场中,修剪过的羊发生臀蝇蛆侵袭的相对风险是剪尾手术羊的18.2倍、16.8倍和3.0倍。用双甲脒处理的未剪尾羊发生臀蝇蛆侵袭的患病率与剪尾手术羊相似(总体为0.9%,范围为0 - 2.5%),但粪污、污渍和褶皱明显更多。
对未剪尾羊进行季节早期处理可预防春季和初夏的大多数臀蝇蛆侵袭,并为澳大利亚东南部控制臀蝇蛆侵袭提供了短期至中期的选择。使用修剪有一些好处,即粪污和污渍较少,且进行臀部清理的时间较短。然而,为了控制臀蝇蛆侵袭,修剪过的羊应与未剪尾羊接受相同的处理。降低粪污的患病率和严重程度将是该地区控制美利奴羊臀蝇蛆侵袭策略的主要组成部分。