College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2012 Jun 15;219-220:148-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.069. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
To study the toxicity mechanism of ZnO nanoparticles on mouse macrophages, the toxic effect of different ZnO nanoparticles on mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S) was investigated in this study. The results showed that the 24h IC(50) of four ZnO particles were 48.53, 47.37, 45.43 and 26.74 μg/ml for bulk ZnO, 100 nm, 30 nm and 10-30 nm ZnO particles, respectively. At the concentration of 10 μg/ml and below, dissolved zinc ions induced metallothionein synthesis, enhanced cellular resistance to oxidative stress. ZnO particles mainly induced cell apoptosis. When the concentration of ZnO particles was 20 μg/ml and above, excessive zinc destroyed mitochondrial function and cell membrane, caused cell necrosis. Dissolved zinc ions first cause toxicity in MH-S cells. However, the toxic effect of dissolved zinc ions may exist a threshold on mouse macrophages, inducing about 50% cell death. The toxic difference of different ZnO particles mainly depended on the effect of nondissolved ZnO particles.
为研究 ZnO 纳米颗粒对小鼠巨噬细胞的毒性机制，本研究考察了不同 ZnO 纳米颗粒对小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞（MH-S）的毒性作用。结果表明，4 种 ZnO 颗粒的 24hIC50 分别为块状 ZnO、100nm、30nm 和 10-30nm ZnO 颗粒的 48.53、47.37、45.43 和 26.74μg/ml。在 10μg/ml 及以下浓度时，溶解态锌离子诱导金属硫蛋白合成，增强细胞的抗氧化应激能力。ZnO 颗粒主要诱导细胞凋亡。当 ZnO 颗粒浓度为 20μg/ml 及以上时，过量锌破坏线粒体功能和细胞膜，引起细胞坏死。溶解态锌离子首先引起 MH-S 细胞毒性，但溶解态锌离子对小鼠巨噬细胞的毒性可能存在一个阈值，导致约 50%的细胞死亡。不同 ZnO 颗粒的毒性差异主要取决于不溶解 ZnO 颗粒的作用。
