Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Box 1630, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
Immunol Res. 2012 Dec;54(1-3):169-76. doi: 10.1007/s12026-012-8328-0.
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) consist of a family of transcription factors with diverse functions in the transcriptional regulation of cellular responses in health and diseases. IRFs commonly contain a DNA-binding domain in the N-terminus, with most members also containing a C-terminal IRF-associated domain that mediates protein-protein interactions. Ten IRFs and several virus-encoded IRF homologs have been identified in mammals so far. In response to endogenous and microbial stimuli during an immune response, IRFs are activated, and selectively and cooperatively modulate the expression of key cytokine and transcription factors involved in T helper cell differentiation in T cells and/or antigen-presenting cells. This review focuses on recent advances in the understanding of IRF-mediated transcriptional regulation in T helper cell differentiation and discusses the implications on the development of cellular and humoral immune responses and the pathogenesis of immune disorders.
干扰素调节因子（IRFs）是一类转录因子家族，在健康和疾病状态下细胞反应的转录调控中具有多种功能。IRFs 通常在 N 端含有 DNA 结合结构域，大多数成员还含有 C 端的 IRF 相关结构域，介导蛋白-蛋白相互作用。迄今为止，在哺乳动物中已经鉴定出 10 种 IRF 和几种病毒编码的 IRF 同源物。在免疫反应过程中，对内源性和微生物刺激的反应中，IRFs 被激活，并选择性地协同调节 T 细胞和/或抗原呈递细胞中参与 T 辅助细胞分化的关键细胞因子和转录因子的表达。本综述重点介绍了在理解 T 辅助细胞分化中 IRF 介导的转录调控方面的最新进展，并讨论了其对细胞和体液免疫反应的发展以及免疫紊乱发病机制的影响。
