Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2012 Nov;17(6):463-73. doi: 10.1007/s12199-012-0275-9. Epub 2012 Apr 13.
The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the improvement in oral and systemic conditions and health-related quality of life in patients with missing teeth receiving dental implants and conventional treatment.
A total of 97 patients with missing teeth, of whom 59 received dental implants and 38 received conventional treatment, were included in this study. The patients were divided into two age groups for a more detailed analysis: a 30- to 59-year age group (young) and a >60-year age group. The changes in oral condition, mental health, and health utility level before and after (pre- and post-, respectively) the procedures were assessed using an original questionnaire, the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ12), and Health Utilities Index Mark 3.
Responses to the GHQ12 indicated that treatment with implants significantly improved the oral health of patients in all treatment groups, except for the young group receiving partial dentures (PD). The mental state improved with a lower GHQ score; in terms of pre- versus post-procedure, mental state improved after the procedure in the young group receiving full dentures (FD) (1.75 ± 2.12 vs. 0.88 ± 2.10, p < 0.05), in the old group receiving PD (2.61 ± 3.91 vs. 0.72 ± 1.71, p < 0.05), and in the old group receiving FD (2.63 ± 3.12 vs. 0.44 ± 0.27, p < 0.05). The sleep score also improved by implant in FD of the old group (2.00 vs. 1.00, p < 0.05); it also is better with a lower score.
Recovery of oral function and oral stability in middle-aged people who did not receive implants was possible with PD. However, the results suggest that implant treatment in edentulous denture cases and particularly in elderly people with dentures has a certain efficacy on the physical condition mediated through an improvement in aspects of the mental state.
本研究旨在评估和比较缺失牙患者接受牙种植体和传统治疗后口腔和全身状况以及健康相关生活质量的改善情况。
本研究共纳入 97 例缺失牙患者，其中 59 例接受牙种植体治疗，38 例接受传统治疗。将患者分为两个年龄组进行更详细的分析：30-59 岁年龄组（年轻）和>60 岁年龄组。使用原始问卷、一般健康问卷 12 项（GHQ12）和健康效用指数标记 3 分别评估治疗前后（分别为术前和术后）口腔状况、心理健康和健康效用水平的变化。
GHQ12 结果表明，除年轻组接受局部义齿（PD）外，种植体治疗显著改善了所有治疗组患者的口腔健康。精神状态随着 GHQ 评分的降低而改善；就术前与术后相比，年轻组接受全口义齿（FD）的患者在术后精神状态改善（1.75±2.12 比 0.88±2.10，p<0.05），老年组接受 PD 的患者（2.61±3.91 比 0.72±1.71，p<0.05），以及老年组接受 FD 的患者（2.63±3.12 比 0.44±0.27，p<0.05）。FD 组老年组的睡眠评分也因植入物而提高（2.00 比 1.00，p<0.05）；分数越低越好。
未接受植入物的中年人通过 PD 可以恢复口腔功能和口腔稳定性。然而，结果表明，在无牙义齿病例中特别是在有义齿的老年人中，植入物治疗对身体状况有一定疗效，这是通过改善心理状态的各个方面来实现的。
