Karangwa E, Mitchell G E, Tucker R E
University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0215.
J Anim Sci. 1990 Oct;68(10):3277-84. doi: 10.2527/1990.68103277x.
The pharmacokinetics of 4-methylimidazole (4MI), a toxin found in ammoniated forage, was studied after i.v. infusion or oral administration of a single dose of 20 mg 4MI/kg BW to sheep. A two-compartment open model was used to describe i.v. infusion data. Oral data were described by a one-compartment open model. A rapid distribution phase (t1/2 alpha = 28 min) was observed after i.v. infusion. The biological half-lives obtained after i.v. infusion (t1/2 beta = 9.72 h) and oral dosing (t1/2 beta = 9.37 h) were similar. The bioavailability of oral 4MI was .69, with a relatively rapid absorption phase (t1/2abs = 1.52 h). The relatively large volume of distribution (61.6 and 65.8 liters for i.v. infusion and oral dosage, respectively) indicates that 4MI is distributed in the extravascular compartment. A dose of 20 mg/kg BW did not cause any apparent ill effects to the animals.
对绵羊静脉输注或口服单剂量20毫克4-甲基咪唑（4MI）/千克体重后，研究了氨化草料中发现的毒素4-甲基咪唑（4MI）的药代动力学。采用二室开放模型描述静脉输注数据。口服数据采用一室开放模型描述。静脉输注后观察到快速分布相（t1/2α = 28分钟）。静脉输注（t1/2β = 9.72小时）和口服给药（t1/2β = 9.37小时）后的生物半衰期相似。口服4MI的生物利用度为0.69，吸收相相对较快（t1/2abs = 1.52小时）。相对较大的分布容积（静脉输注和口服给药分别为61.6升和65.8升）表明4MI分布于血管外腔室。20毫克/千克体重的剂量对动物未造成任何明显不良影响。
