Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.
Am J Med Sci. 2012 Aug;344(2):153-4. doi: 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31824dd1df.
Acute epiglottitis (AE) is inflammation of the epiglottis and contiguous tissues, which carries a potential for complete airway obstruction. With routine pediatric immunization for Hemophilus influenzae serotype b, epiglottitis is now more prevalent in adults, with a shift in the causative organisms and a change in the natural history of this disease. Over the past 5 decades, Serratia marcescens has gone from being recognized as a harmless saprophyte to an important opportunistic human pathogen. It is known to be associated with outbreaks of nosocomial infections, but it is an uncommon cause of serious invasive infections in patients presenting from the community. The authors present a fatal case of AE caused by S marcescens in a previously immunocompetent 58-year-old woman, which was complicated by fasciitis, myositis and bacteremia. To the authors' knowledge, till date, only 3 cases of AE by S marcescens have been reported, all in immunocompromised patients.
急性会厌炎（AE）是会厌和相邻组织的炎症，可导致完全气道阻塞。随着针对流感嗜血杆菌 b 型的常规儿科免疫接种，会厌炎现在在成年人中更为常见，病原体发生了转变，疾病的自然病程也发生了变化。在过去的 50 年里，粘质沙雷氏菌已从一种无害的腐生菌转变为一种重要的机会性人类病原体。它与医院感染的爆发有关，但在从社区就诊的患者中，它是引起严重侵袭性感染的罕见原因。作者报告了一例由粘质沙雷氏菌引起的致命 AE 病例，该患者为先前免疫功能正常的 58 岁女性，并发筋膜炎、肌炎和菌血症。据作者所知，迄今为止，仅报告了 3 例由粘质沙雷氏菌引起的 AE 病例，均发生在免疫功能低下的患者中。
