Ultrasound and Fetal Medicine Centre, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Prenat Diagn. 2012 Jul;32(7):620-6. doi: 10.1002/pd.3870. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
The aims of the study were to establish reference ranges for placental length and thickness in a low-risk obstetric population and to assess the likelihood of a small for gestational age (SGA) neonate on the basis of placental length at 18-24 weeks' gestation.
Placental length and thickness were measured by two sonographers in 520 singleton pregnancies. Uterine artery Doppler studies and a placental morphological assessment were also performed. Placental size was correlated with the birthweight centiles at delivery.
A placental length <10th centile between the gestational age of 18 and 24 weeks is a significant factor associated with SGA neonate [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8, 95% CL, 1.1-6.9]. An abnormal uterine artery Doppler is a significant factor for SGA neonate (OR = 3.4, 95% CL, 1.6-7.4). There was a weak relationship between cord insertion <2 cm from the placental margin and an SGA neonate (OR = 1.8, 95% CL, 0.4-8.2).
We have provided reference ranges for placental length and thickness from 18 to 24 weeks' gestation. A single measurement of placental length incorporated into the anatomy scan may assist in the early detection of a group at risk of delivering an SGA neonate.
本研究旨在为低危产科人群建立胎盘长度和厚度的参考范围，并评估在 18-24 孕周时胎盘长度预测胎儿生长受限（SGA）的可能性。
由两名超声医师在 520 例单胎妊娠中测量胎盘长度和厚度。还进行了子宫动脉多普勒研究和胎盘形态学评估。胎盘大小与分娩时的体重百分位相关。
在 18-24 孕周之间，胎盘长度<第 10 百分位数是与 SGA 新生儿相关的显著因素[比值比（OR）=2.8，95%置信区间，1.1-6.9]。异常的子宫动脉多普勒是 SGA 新生儿的显著因素（OR=3.4，95%置信区间，1.6-7.4）。脐带插入距离胎盘边缘<2cm 与 SGA 新生儿之间存在弱相关性（OR=1.8，95%置信区间，0.4-8.2）。
我们提供了 18-24 孕周胎盘长度和厚度的参考范围。在解剖扫描中单次测量胎盘长度可能有助于早期发现一组有分娩 SGA 新生儿风险的人群。
