Hauck Rüdiger, Hafez Hafez M
Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University Berlin, Königsweg 63, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Avian Dis. 2012 Mar;56(1):238-42. doi: 10.1637/9864-072711-Case.1.
There are only a few reports about the occurrence of coccidia in peafowl and no reports about the occurrence of Eimeria spp. in peafowl kept in Europe. Here, we describe the occurrence of Eimeria pavonina in diseased peafowl from Germany. In January 2011, one young peacock kept in an aviary showed a marked depression. No parasites were detected in samples from the diseased bird, but in samples of birds from the same and other aviaries, coccidian counts were between 400/g and 66,000/g. All peacocks were treated with toltrazuril. After treatment, the clinical condition of the diseased bird improved but, two weeks afterwards, other birds in the aviary were still shedding coccidia in their feces. Based on morphology, the coccidia were identified as E. pavonina. Parts of the 18s rRNA gene and the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox-1) gene were sequenced. A phylogenetic tree based on the 18s rRNA sequence placed the Eimeria sp. from peafowl closest to Eimeria spp. found in pheasants and partridges as well as to Eimeria meleagrimitis. A phylogenetic tree based on the sequence of cox-1 in contrast suggested a closer relationship to Eimeria necatrix and Eimeria tenella.
关于孔雀球虫病的发生仅有少数报道，而在欧洲圈养的孔雀中尚未有关于艾美耳球虫属发生情况的报道。在此，我们描述了德国患病孔雀中孔雀艾美耳球虫的发生情况。2011年1月，一只饲养在鸟舍中的幼龄孔雀表现出明显的精神沉郁。在患病鸟的样本中未检测到寄生虫，但在来自同一鸟舍和其他鸟舍的鸟类样本中，球虫数量在400个/克至66,000个/克之间。所有孔雀均用托曲珠利进行治疗。治疗后，患病鸟的临床状况有所改善，但两周后，鸟舍中的其他鸟类仍在粪便中排出球虫。基于形态学，这些球虫被鉴定为孔雀艾美耳球虫。对18s rRNA基因的部分片段和细胞色素氧化酶亚基1（cox -1）基因进行了测序。基于18s rRNA序列构建的系统发育树将来自孔雀的艾美耳球虫与在雉鸡和鹧鸪中发现的艾美耳球虫属以及孔雀艾美耳球虫置于最接近的位置。相比之下，基于cox -1序列构建的系统发育树表明其与毒害艾美耳球虫和柔嫩艾美耳球虫的关系更为密切。
