Nursing Department, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu City, China.
J Adv Nurs. 2013 Mar;69(3):546-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06029.x. Epub 2012 May 2.
To explore a model designed to examine direct and indirect effects of variables on acute and chronic fatigue.
Although influencing factors for fatigue have been studied extensively, direct and indirect effects of predictors for acute and chronic fatigue remain poorly understood. Therefore, we proposed an original prediction model for acute and chronic fatigue in Chinese nurses based on previous studies.
Cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design.
We used a multi-stage sampling process to finally include 581 nurses working in the general hospitals in Chengdu, China. Data were collected between November 2007-March 2008 by using questionnaires. A path analysis was applied to test the fit of the hypothesized model and analysis of variance.
The final model fits the data well. A total of 44·8% of variance in acute fatigue was directly and indirectly explained by job demand, job control, support at work, exposure to hazards in work environments and sleep quality, and only indirectly influenced by intershift recovery and shift work. Moreover, 61·5% of total chronic fatigue was directly and indirectly accounted for by anxiety, depression, job dissatisfaction, intershift recovery, and acute fatigue, and only indirectly influenced by job control, support at work, exposure to hazards in work environments, shift work, and sleep quality.
Acute and chronic fatigue is affected by different factors and nurse managers should generate specific interventions to decrease them.
探索一个旨在检验变量对急性和慢性疲劳的直接和间接影响的模型。
尽管已经广泛研究了疲劳的影响因素，但对于急性和慢性疲劳的预测因素的直接和间接影响仍知之甚少。因此，我们基于以往的研究，提出了一个针对中国护士的急性和慢性疲劳的原始预测模型。
横断面、描述性、相关性设计。
我们采用多阶段抽样的方法，最终纳入了 581 名在中国成都的综合医院工作的护士。于 2007 年 11 月至 2008 年 3 月期间，通过问卷调查收集数据。采用路径分析来检验假设模型的拟合度和方差分析。
最终模型很好地拟合了数据。急性疲劳的总方差有 44.8%可以直接和间接由工作需求、工作控制、工作支持、工作环境中的危害暴露和睡眠质量来解释，并且仅由轮班恢复和轮班工作间接影响。此外，慢性疲劳的总方差有 61.5%可以直接和间接由焦虑、抑郁、工作不满、轮班恢复和急性疲劳来解释，并且仅由工作控制、工作支持、工作环境中的危害暴露、轮班工作和睡眠质量间接影响。
急性和慢性疲劳受到不同因素的影响，护士管理者应制定具体的干预措施来降低疲劳。
