Department of Oncology, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Jun 1;4(6):a009654. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a009654.
A key function of signal transduction during cell polarization is the creation of spatially segregated regions of the cell cortex that possess different lipid and protein compositions and have distinct functions. Polarity can be initiated spontaneously or in response to signaling inputs from adjacent cells or soluble factors and is stabilized by positive-feedback loops. A conserved group of proteins, the Par proteins, plays a central role in polarity establishment and maintenance in many contexts. These proteins generate and maintain their distinct locations in cells by actively excluding one another from specific regions of the plasma membrane. The Par signaling pathway intersects with multiple other pathways that control cell growth, death, and organization.
细胞极化过程中信号转导的一个关键功能是创建细胞皮质的空间分隔区域，这些区域具有不同的脂质和蛋白质组成，并具有不同的功能。极性可以自发形成，也可以响应来自相邻细胞或可溶性因子的信号输入，并且通过正反馈环稳定。一组保守的蛋白质，即 Par 蛋白，在许多情况下在极性建立和维持中起着核心作用。这些蛋白质通过主动将彼此排除在质膜的特定区域之外，从而在细胞中产生并维持它们的独特位置。Par 信号通路与控制细胞生长、死亡和组织的多个其他通路相交。
