Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 96A Tole Bi st., Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan.
Sci Total Environ. 2012 Jun 15;427-428:78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.017. Epub 2012 May 1.
In our research, three fall places of first stages of Proton rockets have been studied for the presence and distribution of transformation products of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (1,1-DMH). Results of identification of transformation products of 1,1-DMH in real soil samples polluted due to rocket fuel spills allowed to detect 18 earlier unknown metabolites of 1,1-DMH being formed only under field conditions. According to the results of quantitative analyses, maximum concentrations of 1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole made up 57.3, 44.9 and 13.3 mg kg(-1), of 1-ethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole - 5.45, 3.66 and 0.66 mg kg(-1), of 1,3-dimethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole - 24.0, 17.8 and 4.9 mg kg(-1) in fall places 1, 2 and 3, respectively. 4-Methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole was detected only in fall places 2 and 3 where its maximum concentrations made up 4.2 and 0.66 mg kg(-1), respectively. The pollution of soils with transformation products of 1,1-DMH was only detected in epicenters of fall places having a diameter of 8 to10 m where rocket boosters landed. The results of a detailed study of distribution of 1,1-DMH transformation products along the soil profile indicate that transformation products can migrate down to the depth of 120 cm, The highest concentrations of 1,1-DMH transformation products were detected, as a rule, at the depth 20 to 60 cm. However, this index can vary depending on the compound, humidity and physical properties of soil, landscape features and other conditions. In the surface layer, as a rule, only semi-volatile products of transformation were detected which was caused by fast evaporation and biodegradation of volatile metabolites.
在我们的研究中，研究了质子火箭第一级的三个坠落地点，以研究 1,1-二甲基肼（1,1-DMH）的转化产物的存在和分布。在因火箭燃料溢出而污染的实际土壤样品中鉴定 1,1-DMH 转化产物的结果表明，只有在野外条件下才能形成 18 种以前未知的 1,1-DMH 代谢物。根据定量分析的结果，1-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑的最大浓度分别为 57.3、44.9 和 13.3mg/kg（-1），1-乙基-1H-1,2,4-三唑的最大浓度分别为 5.45、3.66 和 0.66mg/kg（-1），1,3-二甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑的最大浓度分别为 24.0、17.8 和 4.9mg/kg（-1），分别在第一、第二和第三坠落地点。仅在第二和第三坠落地点检测到 4-甲基-4H-1,2,4-三唑，其最大浓度分别为 4.2 和 0.66mg/kg（-1）。仅在火箭助推器降落的直径为 8 至 10m 的坠落地点的土壤中检测到 1,1-DMH 转化产物的污染。对 1,1-DMH 转化产物沿土壤剖面分布的详细研究结果表明，转化产物可以向下迁移到 120cm 的深度，通常在 20 至 60cm 的深度检测到最高浓度的 1,1-DMH 转化产物。然而，该指标可能因化合物、土壤湿度和物理特性、景观特征和其他条件而异。在表层，通常只检测到半挥发性转化产物，这是由于挥发性代谢物的快速蒸发和生物降解所致。
