Uauy R D, Birch D G, Birch E E, Tyson J E, Hoffman D R
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9063.
Pediatr Res. 1990 Nov;28(5):485-92. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199011000-00014.
Retinal function was assessed by electroretinogram in 32 neonates randomly assigned to formulas of different omega-3 fatty acid content and in 10 infants fed human milk. All neonates had a birth weight of 1000-1500 g and were fed study diets from d 10 to 45 or discharge. Group A received formula containing predominantly 18:2 omega-6. Group B received a balanced mix of 18:2 omega-6 and 18:3 omega-3. Group C was given a formula containing both essential fatty acids and supplemented with marine oil to provide 22:6 omega-3 content similar to that of human milk. The fatty acid composition of plasma and red blood cell (RBC) lipids were similar for all groups on entry but marked diet-induced differences were found after feeding the study diets. Group C was comparable to the human milk-fed group, but group A had lower 22:6 omega-3 and omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in plasma and RBC membranes. Cone function was not affected by dietary essential fatty acids. Rod electroretinogram thresholds were significantly higher for group A relative to the human milk-fed group and group C and significantly correlated with RBC omega-3 LCPUFA (r = -0.63, p less than 0.0001); 44% of the variance could be explained by RBC and plasma omega-3 LCPUFA content.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
通过视网膜电图评估了32名随机分配至不同ω-3脂肪酸含量配方奶组的新生儿以及10名母乳喂养婴儿的视网膜功能。所有新生儿出生体重为1000 - 1500克，从出生后第10天至45天或出院时接受研究饮食。A组接受主要含18:2ω-6的配方奶。B组接受18:2ω-6和18:3ω-3的均衡混合配方奶。C组给予含有两种必需脂肪酸并补充鱼油以提供与人乳相似的22:6ω-3含量的配方奶。所有组入组时血浆和红细胞（RBC）脂质的脂肪酸组成相似，但在喂食研究饮食后发现了明显的饮食诱导差异。C组与母乳喂养组相当，但A组血浆和RBC膜中的22:6ω-3和ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）含量较低。视锥细胞功能不受膳食必需脂肪酸影响。相对于母乳喂养组和C组，A组的视杆视网膜电图阈值显著更高，且与RBC ω-3 LCPUFA显著相关（r = -0.63，p < 0.0001）；44%的变异可由RBC和血浆ω-3 LCPUFA含量解释。（摘要截短于250字）
