Recurrence rates of basal cell carcinoma of the periocular skin: what to do with patients who have positive margins after resection.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the recurrence rates of basal cell carcinoma of the periocular skin in patients who were in the following 3 groups after pathologic analysis: Mohs frozen sections (negative margins); permanent sections with positive tumor margins; and permanent sections with negative tumor margins at the time of primary surgical removal.

DESIGN

The study is a retrospective chart review.

PARTICIPANTS

We identified 385 patients who underwent surgery for basal cell carcinoma. The surgery was performed by a single surgeon between January 1, 1995 and January 1, 2005.

METHODS

The patients were divided into 3 groups: (i) Mohs frozen sections with margins negative for tumor; (ii) permanent sections with margins negative for tumor; (iii) permanent sections with margins positive for tumor. The recurrence rates of basal cell carcinoma were compared.

RESULTS

The recurrence-free rate was 92% for the group that had had Mohs frozen-section, 87% for the group that had had permanent sections with negative margins, and 80% for the group that had had permanent sections with positive margins at 170 months follow-up time. We found that the only predictor of recurrence rate was younger age (hazards ratio (HR) = 0.97 95%; CI 0.94, 0.99; p = 0.021).

CONCLUSIONS

The results showed a statistically significant difference in the recurrence-free rate in the 3 groups. A minimum of a 3-year follow-up is recommended in patients who have had basal cell carcinomas removed; the average time to recurrence was approximately 3 years.