Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2012 Dec;31(6):882-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.04.004. Epub 2012 May 5.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: To date no nation-wide study has yet been undertaken in Spain to estimate the iodine deficiency. The aim was to evaluate iodine intake and its conditioning factors in a representative sample of the whole adult population.
The Di@bet.es Study is a national, cross-sectional, population-based survey conducted in 2009-2010 in Spain.
The median urinary iodine (UI) was 117.2 μg/L. Iodized salt (IS) was consumed by 43.9% of the population. The median UI in those who consumed IS and in those who did not consume IS was 131.1 and 110.8 μg/L respectively (p<0.0001). The likelihood of having UI levels above 100 μg/L was significantly associated with the intake of IS (OR=1.47) and milk at least once a day (OR=1.22). Within each individual autonomous communities, the median UI levels in those who consumed IS correlated significantly with the median levels of those who did not consume IS (r=0.76, p=0.001).
Though strictly speaking, Spain should be considered within the category of a country having an adequate iodine intake, the current value is too close to the cut point and does not guarantee that those groups with a greater need for iodine will have the required intake of iodine.
迄今为止，西班牙尚未开展全国性研究来评估碘缺乏情况。本研究旨在评估碘摄入量及其影响因素在全西班牙成年人代表性样本中的情况。
2009-2010 年，西班牙开展了一项全国性、横断面、基于人群的 Di@bet.es 研究。
研究人群的尿碘中位数为 117.2μg/L。43.9%的人食用加碘盐。食用加碘盐和未食用加碘盐人群的尿碘中位数分别为 131.1μg/L 和 110.8μg/L（p<0.0001）。尿碘水平>100μg/L 的可能性与食用加碘盐（OR=1.47）和每天至少食用一次牛奶（OR=1.22）显著相关。在每个自治区，食用加碘盐人群的尿碘中位数与未食用加碘盐人群的尿碘中位数显著相关（r=0.76，p=0.001）。
虽然严格来说，西班牙应该被视为碘摄入量充足的国家，但目前的数值非常接近切点，不能保证那些对碘需求量较大的人群能够摄入足够的碘。
