Low-intensity task-oriented exercise for ambulation-challenged residents in long-term care facilities: a randomized, controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a task-oriented ambulation training program in regaining walking, balance, and activity of daily living performance for ambulation-challenged residents with walking potential in long-term care facilities.

DESIGN

Fifty ambulation-challenged residents with walking potential were randomly assigned to an individualized task-oriented ambulation training group (30-45 mins, three times a week) or a routine nursing care control group for 4 wks. Each subject was evaluated by a blind evaluator before and after training. Walking function was assessed using walking speed, the Timed Up and Go Test, and the 6-Minute Walk Test. Balance and activities of daily living were measured using the Berg Balance Scale and the Barthel Index, respectively.

RESULTS

The training group showed significantly more improvement in walking speed, time to complete the Timed Up and Go Test, and the total score of Berg Balance Scale from baseline to posttest than the control group did. No significant difference between groups was observed on the 6-Minute Walk Test or the Barthel Index.

CONCLUSIONS

Ambulation-challenged residents with walking potential, as defined by slowing of walking speed with concomitant knee muscle weakness and joint range limitation, showed significant improvement in walking function and balance after a 4-wk task-oriented ambulation training in long-term care facilities.