Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación F.G.Bernaldez, Módulo 08. Edificio de Ciencias Dcho. 504.5, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
Environ Manage. 2012 Jul;50(1):106-22. doi: 10.1007/s00267-012-9863-0. Epub 2012 May 5.
In recent years, the goal of nature preservation has faced, almost worldwide, an increase in the number of visitors who are interested in experiencing protected areas resources, landscapes and stories. Spain is a good example of this process. The rapidly increasing numbers of visitors have prompted administrations and managers to offer and develop a broad network of facilities and programs in order to provide these visitors with information, knowledge and recreation. But, are we doing it the best way? This research focuses on developing and applying a new instrument for evaluating the quality of visitor management in parks. Different areas are analyzed with this instrument (78 semi-quantitative indicators): planning and management capacity (planning, funding, human resources), monitoring, reception, information, interpretation, environmental education, training, participation and volunteer's programs. Thus, we attempt to gain a general impression of the development of the existing management model, detecting strengths and weaknesses. Although Spain's National Parks constituted the specific context within which to develop the evaluation instrument, the design thereof is intended to provide a valid, robust and flexible method for application to any system, network or set of protected areas in other countries. This paper presents the instrument developed, some results obtained following its application to Spanish National parks, along with a discussion on the limits and validity thereof.
近年来,几乎在全世界范围内,对保护区资源、景观和故事感兴趣的游客数量都在增加,这使得自然保护的目标面临着挑战。西班牙就是这一过程的一个很好的例子。游客人数的迅速增加促使管理部门提供和开发广泛的设施和项目网络,以便为这些游客提供信息、知识和娱乐。但是,我们是否在以最好的方式进行呢?本研究专注于开发和应用一种新的工具来评估公园游客管理的质量。该工具分析了不同的领域(78 个半定量指标):规划和管理能力(规划、资金、人力资源)、监测、接待、信息、解说、环境教育、培训、参与和志愿者计划。因此,我们试图通过检测优势和劣势来对现有管理模式的发展有一个总体的了解。尽管西班牙国家公园构成了开发评估工具的具体背景,但该工具的设计旨在为应用于其他国家的任何系统、网络或一系列保护区提供一种有效、可靠和灵活的方法。本文介绍了所开发的工具,以及在西班牙国家公园应用该工具后获得的一些结果,并讨论了其局限性和有效性。