Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32328, USA.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2012 Dec;37(4):229-40. doi: 10.1007/s10484-012-9195-0.
Individual affect-related performance zones (IAPZs) method utilizing Kamata et al. (J Sport Exerc Psychol 24:189-208, 2002) probabilistic model of determining the individual zone of optimal functioning was utilized as idiosyncratic affective patterns during golf performance. To do so, three male golfers of a varsity golf team were observed during three rounds of golf competition. The investigation implemented a multi-modal assessment approach in which the probabilistic relationship between affective states and both, performance process and performance outcome, measures were determined. More specifically, introspective (i.e., verbal reports) and objective (heart rate and respiration rate) measures of arousal were incorporated to examine the relationships between arousal states and both, process components (i.e., routine consistency, timing), and outcome scores related to golf performance. Results revealed distinguishable and idiosyncratic IAPZs associated with physiological and introspective measures for each golfer. The associations between the IAPZs and decision-making or swing/stroke execution were strong and unique for each golfer. Results are elaborated using cognitive and affect-related concepts, and applications for practitioners are provided.
采用 Kamata 等人（J Sport Exerc Psychol 24:189-208, 2002）的个体影响相关绩效区（IAPZ）方法，利用概率模型来确定个体最佳功能区，以确定高尔夫表现期间的个体情感模式。为此，观察了校队的三名男性高尔夫球手在三轮高尔夫比赛中的表现。该研究采用了多模态评估方法，确定了情感状态与绩效过程和绩效结果之间的概率关系。更具体地说，将唤醒的内省（即口头报告）和客观（心率和呼吸率）测量纳入其中，以检查唤醒状态与过程成分（即常规一致性、时间安排）和与高尔夫表现相关的结果分数之间的关系。结果显示，每个高尔夫球手的生理和内省测量都存在可区分的和独特的 IAPZ。IAPZ 与决策或挥杆/击球执行之间的关联对于每个高尔夫球手来说都是强烈而独特的。结果使用认知和情感相关概念进行了阐述，并为从业者提供了应用。
