Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2012 Sep;7(5):347-55. doi: 10.2174/157488812802481463.
Tissue engineering approaches for promoting the repair of peripheral nerve injuries have focused on cell-based therapies involving Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). The authors evaluated the effects of undifferentiated ASCs and of neurally differentiated ASCs on the regenerating abilities of peripheral nerves. We hope that this would demonstrate the feasibility of using adipose derived stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration and provide clues regarding the use of adipose- derived stem cells. ASCs were isolated and cultured. Then the cells were cultured with neuronal induction agents for neural differentiation. ASCs and neurally differentiated ASCs were transplanted into sciatic nerve defects. After 12 weeks, the number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were measured and nerve conduction study was done. The extent of regeneration of myelinated fibers in the neurally differentiated ASCs transplanted group was greater than that in the ASCs transplanted group or the control group. However, thickness of myelin sheath and diameter of nerve fibers in the ASCs transplanted group were greater than those in the neutrally differentiated ASCs transplanted group or the control group. Nerve conduction study showed good recovery in the neurally differentiated ASCs transplanted groups. Muscles can atrophy and contract if denervation has started. It would be difficult to recover muscle function even if the nerve was reinnervated. Therefore, although neurally differentiated ASCs were found to have a greater functional effect than non-differentiated ASCs, time constraint is important when considering a method of ASCs transplantation.
组织工程方法在促进周围神经损伤修复方面主要集中在基于细胞的治疗方法上，涉及脂肪来源的干细胞（ASCs）。作者评估了未分化的 ASC 和神经分化的 ASC 对周围神经再生能力的影响。我们希望这将证明使用脂肪来源的干细胞进行周围神经再生的可行性，并为使用脂肪来源的干细胞提供线索。分离和培养 ASC。然后将细胞用神经元诱导剂进行神经分化培养。将 ASC 和神经分化的 ASC 移植到坐骨神经缺损处。12 周后，测量有髓纤维的数量和直径，并进行神经传导研究。神经分化的 ASC 移植组中髓鞘纤维的再生程度大于 ASC 移植组或对照组。然而，在 ASC 移植组中，神经纤维的髓鞘厚度和直径大于神经分化的 ASC 移植组或对照组。神经传导研究表明，神经分化的 ASC 移植组有良好的恢复。如果已经开始去神经支配，肌肉就会萎缩和收缩。即使神经再支配，肌肉功能也很难恢复。因此，尽管神经分化的 ASC 比未分化的 ASC 具有更大的功能作用，但在考虑 ASC 移植方法时，时间限制很重要。
