Bolm Thomas
Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Fachpsychotherapie, Klinikum Christophsbad, Göppingen.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2012 May;62(5):195-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1311580. Epub 2012 May 7.
Mentalization deficits are part of nearly all severe mental disorders. Especially under attachment related stress, limited and disrupted mentalizing undermines complex integration processes of the self. Thus, the treatment has to focus primarily on the quality of these processes and less on a certain content. Mentalization-Based Treatment is a manualized psychodynamic method which targets the promotion of mentalization. This interactional, process orientated approach entails an active-curious, not-knowing stance and small incremental steps of exploration. MBT achieves excellent and sustainable results in several settings, also in comparison with other structurized and manualized methods. Randomized controlled trials showed significant symptom reduction, enhanced quality of life and cost effectiveness in severe and comorbid borderline personality disorder. Various studies on MBT modifications for several other mental disorders are ongoing.
心理化缺陷几乎存在于所有严重精神障碍中。特别是在与依恋相关的压力下，有限且紊乱的心理化会破坏自我的复杂整合过程。因此，治疗必须主要关注这些过程的质量，而较少关注特定内容。基于心理化的治疗是一种手册化的心理动力学方法，旨在促进心理化。这种互动式、以过程为导向的方法需要采取积极好奇、不知晓的立场以及小步渐进的探索。基于心理化的治疗在多种环境中都取得了优异且可持续的效果，与其他结构化和手册化方法相比亦是如此。随机对照试验表明，在严重的共病边缘型人格障碍中，症状显著减轻、生活质量提高且具有成本效益。针对其他几种精神障碍的基于心理化的治疗改良的各类研究正在进行中。
