Martins Carolina, Costa E Silva Isabel Eugênia, Campero Alvaro, Yasuda Alexandre, Aguiar Luiz Roberto, Tatagiba Marcos, Rhoton Albert
Medical School of Pernambuco, IMIP, 1393 Recife, PE, Brazil.
Anat Res Int. 2011;2011:468727. doi: 10.1155/2011/468727. Epub 2010 Sep 28.
The orbits are paired structures, located on the anterior part of the face. Morphologically, each orbit is a four sided pyramid with a posterior apex and anterior base. In the orbit, all openings are arranged around the base, apex or between the orbital walls. An anatomical characteristic of the orbit is that structures are arranged in groups of seven: there are seven bones, seven intraorbital muscles and seven nerves in the orbit. Tumors confined within the periorbita in the anterior two thirds of the orbit can often be approached extracranially, but those located in the apical area, and especially those on the medial side of the optic nerve, often require a transcranial approach. Thus, knowledge of orbital osteology is paramount in adequately choosing and performing an orbital approach. Understanding the critical topographical elements in this area helps to classify an orbital lesion and provides for a solid basis in choosing the most adequate intraorbital route for its treatment.
眼眶是一对结构，位于面部前部。从形态学上讲，每个眼眶都是一个具有后尖和前底的四边形锥体。在眼眶内，所有开口都围绕底部、尖端或眶壁之间排列。眼眶的一个解剖学特征是结构以七个一组的形式排列：眼眶内有七块骨头、七条眼内肌和七条神经。局限于眼眶前三分之二眶周的肿瘤通常可以通过颅外途径处理，但位于尖部区域的肿瘤，尤其是视神经内侧的肿瘤，往往需要经颅途径。因此，了解眼眶骨学对于充分选择和实施眼眶手术方法至关重要。了解该区域的关键地形学要素有助于对眼眶病变进行分类，并为选择最适当的眼内治疗途径提供坚实的基础。
