J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2012 May;10(5):628-53. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2012.0064.
Anemia is prevalent in 30% to 90% of patients with cancer. Anemia can be corrected through either treating the underlying cause or providing supportive care through transfusion with packed red blood cells or administration of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), with or without iron supplementation. Recent studies showing detrimental health effects of ESAs sparked a series of FDA label revisions and a sea change in the perception of these once commonly used agents. In light of this, the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Cancer- and Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia underwent substantial revisions this year. The purpose of these NCCN Guidelines is twofold: 1) to operationalize the evaluation and treatment of anemia in adult cancer patients, with an emphasis on those who are receiving concomitant chemotherapy, and 2) to enable patients and clinicians to individualize anemia treatment options based on patient condition.
贫血在 30%至 90%的癌症患者中很常见。贫血可以通过治疗根本原因或通过输注浓缩红细胞或使用红细胞生成刺激剂（ESA）进行支持性治疗来纠正，ESA 可与或不与铁补充剂一起使用。最近的研究表明 ESA 会对健康产生不利影响，这引发了一系列 FDA 标签修订，并彻底改变了人们对这些曾经常用药物的看法。有鉴于此，今年 NCCN 肿瘤临床实践指南（NCCN 指南）对癌症和化疗引起的贫血进行了重大修订。这些 NCCN 指南有两个目的：1）实施成年癌症患者贫血的评估和治疗，重点是那些同时接受化疗的患者，2）使患者和临床医生能够根据患者病情个体化贫血治疗方案。
