Galin D, Rodgers V, Merrin E L
Department of Psychiatry, Langley Porter Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0844.
Biol Psychiatry. 1990 Nov 1;28(9):794-808. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(90)90514-3.
It has been reported that a large proportion of patients with major psychiatric disorders can recall a short story better if they listen with one ear rather than the other (monaural asymmetry), and that binaural performance is worse than with the better ear alone (binaural inferiority). Blocking the poorer ear with an earplug is said to significantly improve speech comprehension in daily life. Because of the theoretical and practical significance of these reports, we have attempted a replication. Forty-four psychotic patients, primarily schizophrenic, were studied. We found a lower incidence of abnormal monaural asymmetry and binaural inferiority than was previously reported. The incidence remained low whether we considered the entire sample or subgroups defined by diagnosis, chronicity, or age. Retest reliability was poor. We also found that binaural superiority was as common as binaural inferiority, and concluded that the instances of relative binaural inferiority in our sample were primarily due to chance. Differences in methods, subject selection, or medication were considered, but did not clearly account for the discrepancies between our results and previous studies. Future research must focus on establishing the conditions determining reliability.
据报道，大部分患有重度精神疾病的患者，如果用一只耳朵听而不是两只耳朵听，能更好地回忆起一则短篇故事（单耳不对称），并且双耳听的表现比只用较好的那只耳朵听更差（双耳劣势）。据说，在日常生活中用耳塞堵住较差的耳朵能显著提高言语理解能力。鉴于这些报告的理论和实际意义，我们尝试进行了一次重复研究。我们对44名主要为精神分裂症的精神病患者进行了研究。我们发现，单耳不对称异常和双耳劣势的发生率比之前报告的要低。无论我们考虑的是整个样本还是根据诊断、病程或年龄定义的亚组，该发生率都保持在较低水平。重测信度较差。我们还发现双耳优势与双耳劣势一样常见，并得出结论，我们样本中的相对双耳劣势情况主要是由于偶然因素。我们考虑了方法、受试者选择或药物治疗方面的差异，但这些差异并不能清楚地解释我们的结果与先前研究之间的差异。未来的研究必须专注于确定决定信度的条件。
