School of Psychology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
Behav Brain Res. 2012 Jul 15;233(1):201-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.05.003. Epub 2012 May 11.
Deficits in selective attention are seen in positively symptomatic schizophrenia sufferers, and in normal people displaying schizotypal traits. We investigated the relationship between selective attention and schizotypy in undergraduate students, by comparing participants' performance in two models of selective attention, overshadowing and latent inhibition, with psychoticism scores derived from the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE). Using a novel within-subject overshadowing task, we showed that the unusual experiences dimension of schizotypy, but not the other three O-LIFE dimensions, was negatively related to overshadowing score. We also replicated findings that the unusual experiences dimension of schizotypy was negatively related to latent inhibition score. These experiments provide evidence that selective attention is disrupted in normal individuals showing traits relating to positive-like schizophrenic symptoms, and has implications for interpreting selective attention deficits measured in schizophrenia patients.
选择性注意缺陷在阳性症状精神分裂症患者和表现出精神分裂特质的正常人中可见。我们通过比较两种选择性注意模型（掩蔽和潜在抑制）的表现，以及从牛津-利物浦情感和体验问卷（O-LIFE）中得出的精神病评分，研究了大学生选择性注意和精神分裂特质之间的关系。使用新颖的内隐掩蔽任务，我们发现精神分裂特质的异常体验维度与掩蔽评分呈负相关，而 O-LIFE 的其他三个维度则没有。我们还复制了精神分裂特质的异常体验维度与潜在抑制评分呈负相关的发现。这些实验提供了证据表明，在表现出与阳性精神分裂症症状相关的特质的正常个体中，选择性注意力受到干扰，这对解释在精神分裂症患者中测量的选择性注意力缺陷具有启示意义。
