School of Medical Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2011 Aug;33(7):776-84. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2011.558495. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
It has been shown that high-schizotypy and schizophrenic participants demonstrate increased task-switching costs, although high-schizotypy participants present this pattern only in incongruent trials (Cimino & Haywood, 2008). In this study, we aim to explore whether this results from difficulties in selective attention or task control. A total of 18 participants with high levels of psychometrically defined schizotypy and 16 participants with low scores were tested in two different versions of a task-switching paradigm. Participants were asked to switch between attending to the color or the shape of bidimensional objects following a previous cue. Two versions of the task were investigated, one involving only switches in the perceptual dimension to attend (color or shape) and another also switching the response set. High-schizotypy subjects consistently showed increased switch costs in incongruent trials for both versions of the tasks, demonstrating a deficit in the selection of the perceptual dimension instead of the selection of the response rules.
研究表明，高精神分裂症倾向和精神分裂症患者在任务转换时会产生更高的成本，尽管高精神分裂症倾向患者仅在不一致的试验中表现出这种模式（Cimino 和 Haywood，2008）。在这项研究中，我们旨在探索这是否是由于选择性注意或任务控制的困难所致。共有 18 名具有高精神分裂症倾向的参与者和 16 名得分较低的参与者在两种不同版本的任务转换范式中进行了测试。参与者被要求在前一个提示后根据二维物体的颜色或形状进行切换。研究了两种版本的任务，一种只涉及在感知维度上进行切换（颜色或形状），另一种也切换响应集。高精神分裂症倾向的受试者在两种任务版本的不一致试验中都表现出一致的转换成本增加，表明在选择感知维度而不是选择响应规则方面存在缺陷。
