Robles Verónica Frisancho, Oropesa R S
Department of Economics The Pennsylvania State University 409 Kern Bldg University Park, PA 16802
Popul Res Policy Rev. 2011 Aug;30(4):591-618. doi: 10.1007/s11113-011-9202-9.
The issue of whether emigration has consequences for the education of children who remain behind in the country of origin occupies an increasingly prominent place in the agendas of both scholars and policy makers. The conventional wisdom is that the emigration of family members may benefit children by relaxing budget constraints through remittances that can be used to cover educational expenses. However, the empirical evidence on the overall effect of migration is inconclusive. This is due in part to a substantive emphasis on remittances in the literature, as well as the inability of some studies to deal satisfactorily with the endogeneity of household migration decisions in comparing outcomes across migrant and non-migrant households. Using Peruvian data from the Latin American Migration Project (LAMP), we apply an innovative instrumental variable technique to evaluate the overall effect of migration on educational attainment and schooling disruption among the children of immigrants. In contrast to conventional wisdom, our results suggest that a higher household risk of immigration has deleterious consequences for the education of children who remain behind.
移民对留在原籍国的儿童教育是否有影响这一问题，在学者和政策制定者的议程中占据着越来越突出的位置。传统观点认为，家庭成员的移民可能会通过汇款放松预算限制，从而使儿童受益，这些汇款可用于支付教育费用。然而，关于移民总体影响的实证证据尚无定论。部分原因在于文献中对汇款的实质性强调，以及一些研究在比较移民家庭和非移民家庭的结果时，无法令人满意地处理家庭移民决策的内生性问题。我们使用拉丁美洲移民项目（LAMP）的秘鲁数据，应用一种创新的工具变量技术来评估移民对移民子女教育程度和学业中断的总体影响。与传统观点相反，我们的结果表明，家庭移民风险较高对留在原籍国的儿童教育有有害影响。
