Department of Respiratory Medicine, Pilot Unit for the Management of Rare Intrathoracic Tumors, National Expert Center for Thymic Malignancies, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Avenue Doyen Lépine, Lyon, France.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012 May;12(5):685-95. doi: 10.1586/era.12.29.
Thymic malignancies are rare epithelial tumors that may be aggressive and difficult to treat. Thymomas are usually localized to the anterior mediastinum and are frequently eligible for upfront surgical resection. However, nearly 30% of patients present with locally advanced tumors at time of diagnosis, and chemotherapy is then used to reduce the tumor burden, possibly allowing subsequent surgery and/or radiotherapy. Metastatic and recurrent thymic malignancies may similarly be treated with chemotherapy. More recently, the molecular characterization of thymoma and thymic carcinoma led to the identification of potentially druggable targets, laying the foundations to implement personalized medicine for patients.
胸腺恶性肿瘤是罕见的上皮性肿瘤，可能具有侵袭性且难以治疗。胸腺瘤通常局限于前纵隔，通常适合 upfront 手术切除。然而，近 30%的患者在诊断时即出现局部晚期肿瘤，此时化疗用于缩小肿瘤负荷，可能使后续手术和/或放疗成为可能。转移性和复发性胸腺癌也可采用化疗治疗。最近，胸腺瘤和胸腺癌的分子特征鉴定导致了潜在可用药靶点的识别，为患者实施个性化医疗奠定了基础。
