Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria of Málaga, Spain.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2012 Sep;83(3):444-51. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.12.001. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that are highly clinically relevant to oncologists. GCTs are generally highly sensitive to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and represent a model for curable neoplasms. Cisplatin-based combination therapy followed by surgical resection of the residual tumor is the cornerstone for GCTs treatment. Although the overall cure rate is high for patients with GCTs, patients with a poor prognosis according to International Consensus Criteria or with chemoresistant disease remain a major clinical challenge. Currently, between 15% and 20% of patients with metastatic disease still progress and will die as a consequence of the disease. Therefore, the discovery of new treatment strategies or new drugs based on translational oncology remains a priority for the treatment of patients with cisplatin-refractory disease and those with a poor prognosis. Clinical trials with new targeted therapies are ongoing for the treatment of GCTs. In this article, we review some of the new targeted biologic therapies that act on the most relevant oncogenesis pathways and are in clinical development for the treatment of GCTs.
生殖细胞肿瘤（GCTs）是一组具有高度临床相关性的肿瘤，高度异质性的肿瘤，对肿瘤学家来说非常重要。GCTs 通常对基于顺铂的化疗高度敏感，是可治愈肿瘤的典范。基于顺铂的联合化疗，然后切除残留肿瘤，是 GCTs 治疗的基石。尽管 GCTs 患者的总体治愈率很高，但根据国际共识标准预后不良或对化疗耐药的患者仍然是一个主要的临床挑战。目前，转移性疾病患者中有 15%至 20%仍在进展，并因疾病而死亡。因此，发现新的治疗策略或基于转化肿瘤学的新药仍然是治疗顺铂耐药疾病和预后不良患者的首要任务。目前正在进行新的靶向治疗临床试验，以治疗 GCTs。在本文中，我们回顾了一些新的针对最相关的致癌途径的靶向生物疗法，这些疗法正在临床开发中，用于治疗 GCTs。
