Department of Chemistry, Karunya University, Coimbatore 641114, Tamilnadu, India.
Bioresour Technol. 2012 Jul;116:512-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.112. Epub 2012 Apr 13.
Waste animal bones was employed as a cost effective catalyst for the transesterification of palm oil. The catalyst was calcined at different temperatures to transform the calcium phosphate in the bones to hydroxyapatite and 800 °C was found to give the best yield of biodiesel. The catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). Under the optimal reaction conditions of 20 wt.% of catalyst, 1:18 oil to methanol molar ratio, 200 rpm of stirring of reactants and at a temperature of 65 °C, the methyl ester conversion was 96.78% and it was achieved in 4h. The catalyst performed equally well as the laboratory-grade CaO. Animal bone is therefore a useful raw material for the production of a cheap catalyst for transesterification.
废弃动物骨头被用作一种经济有效的催化剂，用于棕榈油的酯交换反应。该催化剂在不同温度下进行煅烧，将骨头中的磷酸钙转化为羟基磷灰石，发现 800°C 时的产率最高。通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、能谱仪 (EDS) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR) 对催化剂进行了表征。在最佳反应条件下，即 20wt.%的催化剂、油醇摩尔比为 1:18、反应物搅拌速度为 200rpm、温度为 65°C，甲酯转化率为 96.78%，在 4 小时内达到。该催化剂的性能与实验室级别的 CaO 相当。因此，动物骨头是一种用于生产廉价酯交换催化剂的有用原料。
