ONIRIS, Nantes F-44307, France.
Vet Microbiol. 2012 Oct 12;159(3-4):432-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.04.027. Epub 2012 Apr 28.
Effectiveness of phase 1 vaccine, combined or not with tetracycline, to control Coxiella burnetii vaginal shedding at calving in cows was assessed through a 13 months study in 22 Q fever clinically affected commercial dairy herds. Four medical strategies implemented at herd level but randomly assigned to cows (vaccination, vaccination and tetracycline, tetracycline, nothing) were compared. There was no significant interaction effect between vaccination and antibiotherapy. Tetracycline used once at drying off was associated with a lower risk of being detected shedder at calving (OR=0.40, CI 95% [0.21-0.75]), but had no significant effect on the bacterial load shed. Vaccination did not significantly prevent shedding but was significantly (OR=0.15, CI 95% [0.03-0.85]) associated with lower bacterial load shed. Thus, vaccination using a phase 1 vaccine and antibiotherapy using tetracycline is associated with a decrease in shedding in dairy cows and could contribute to reduce the bacterial load generated in the environment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study providing useful information for evidenced-based and rational use of medical strategy combining antibiotic and vaccination in infected dairy cattle herds.
在 22 个 Q 热临床受影响的商业奶牛场进行了为期 13 个月的研究，评估了 1 期疫苗（联合或不联合四环素）对控制奶牛围产期空肠弯曲菌阴道脱落的效果。在牛群水平实施了 4 种医疗策略，但随机分配给奶牛（接种疫苗、接种疫苗和四环素、四环素、无）进行比较。接种疫苗和抗生素治疗之间没有显著的相互作用效应。在干奶期单次使用四环素与降低围产期检测到的脱落风险相关（OR=0.40，95%CI [0.21-0.75]），但对脱落的细菌负荷没有显著影响。接种疫苗不能显著预防脱落，但与脱落的细菌负荷降低显著相关（OR=0.15，95%CI [0.03-0.85]）。因此，使用 1 期疫苗接种和四环素抗生素治疗与奶牛脱落减少相关，并有助于减少环境中产生的细菌负荷。据我们所知，这是第一项为感染奶牛场提供有用信息的研究，这些信息为基于证据和合理使用结合抗生素和疫苗接种的医学策略提供了依据。
