Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada.
Popul Health Metr. 2012 May 18;10(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1478-7954-10-9.
Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for injuries; however, international data on this burden are limited. This article presents new methods to quantify the burden of injuries attributable to alcohol consumption and quantifies the number of deaths, potential years of life lost (PYLL), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost from injuries attributable to alcohol consumption for 2004.
Data on drinking indicators were obtained from the Comparative Risk Assessment study. Data on mortality, PYLL, and DALYs for injuries were obtained from the World Health Organization. Alcohol-attributable fractions were calculated based on a new risk modeling methodology, which accounts for average and heavy drinking occasions. 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation method.
In 2004, 851,900 (95% CI: 419,400 to 1,282,500) deaths, 19,051,000 (95% CI: 9,767,000 to 28,243,000) PYLL, and 21,688,000 (95% CI: 11,097,000 to 32,385,000) DALYs for people 15 years and older were due to injuries attributable to alcohol consumption. With respect to the total number of deaths, harms to others were responsible for 15.1% of alcohol-attributable injury deaths, 14.5% of alcohol-attributable injury PYLL, and 11.35% of alcohol-attributable injury DALYs. The overall burden of injuries attributable to alcohol consumption corresponds to 17.3% of all injury deaths, 16.7% of all PYLL, and 13.6% of all DALYs caused by injuries, or 1.4% of all deaths, 2.0% of all PYLL, and 1.4% of all DALYs in 2004.
The novel methodology described in this article to calculate the burden of injuries attributable to alcohol consumption improves on previous methodology by more accurately calculating the burden of injuries attributable to one's own drinking, and for the first time, calculates the burden of injuries attributable to the alcohol consumption of others. The burden of injuries attributable to alcohol consumption is large and is entirely avoidable, and policies and strategies to reduce it are recommended.
饮酒是导致伤害的主要危险因素；然而，国际上关于这一负担的数据有限。本文提出了新的方法来量化因饮酒而导致的伤害负担，并量化了 2004 年因饮酒导致的伤害而导致的死亡人数、潜在寿命损失年数（PYLL）和伤残调整生命年数（DALYs）。
饮酒指标数据来自比较风险评估研究。伤害导致的死亡率、PYLL 和 DALYs 数据来自世界卫生组织。根据一种新的风险建模方法计算了酒精归因分数，该方法考虑了平均和重度饮酒情况。使用蒙特卡罗模拟方法计算了 95%置信区间（CI）。
2004 年，有 851900 人（95%CI：419400 至 1282500 人）死亡，19051000 人（95%CI：9767000 至 28243000 人）因伤害导致的潜在寿命损失年数，以及 21688000 人（95%CI：11097000 至 32385000 人）因伤害导致的伤残调整生命年数。对于 15 岁及以上的人来说，这些都是由于饮酒导致的伤害。就总死亡人数而言，对他人的伤害造成了 15.1%的酒精归因于伤害死亡，14.5%的酒精归因于伤害潜在寿命损失年数，11.35%的酒精归因于伤害伤残调整生命年数。因饮酒导致的伤害总负担相当于所有伤害死亡的 17.3%，所有潜在寿命损失年数的 16.7%，所有伤害伤残调整生命年数的 13.6%，即 2004 年所有死亡的 1.4%，所有潜在寿命损失年数的 2.0%，以及所有伤残调整生命年数的 1.4%。
本文描述的计算因饮酒而导致的伤害负担的新方法通过更准确地计算因自己饮酒而导致的伤害负担，改进了以往的方法，并且首次计算了因他人饮酒而导致的伤害负担。因饮酒而导致的伤害负担很大，完全可以避免，建议采取政策和战略来减少这种负担。
