National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Apr 1;114(2-3):87-99. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.009. Epub 2010 Dec 28.
People other than the drinker experience harmful consequences from alcohol misuse, accounting for part of the economic burden to society. Little has been done on costing harm to others.
A literature review was undertaken of various databases, government publications, dissertations, conference papers and reference materials. Publications were included for analysis if they reported costs on alcohol harm to others. Methodological adequacy of costing studies was assessed using a checklist modified from the Drummond 10-point checklist.
In total, 25 publications including costs on alcohol harm to others were reviewed. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) was the harm to others most frequently cost. The cost-of-illness (COI) framework was used in 24 of the publications, while 1 employed a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) serving as starting point for further studies estimating intangible costs (e.g. victim's quality-of-life (QoL) loss). Indirect costs (e.g. victim's lost productivity) were quantified most frequently with the human capital approach. The majority of publications critically assessed on costing received an average quality score (17/25).
Few studies have reported costs on the magnitude from harm to people other than the drinker, therefore the overall economic burden of risky alcohol consumption across countries is underestimated. This review may be considered a starting point for future research on costing alcohol harm to others.
除饮酒者之外，其他人也会因酗酒而遭受伤害，这也是社会经济负担的一部分。然而，目前针对此类伤害的成本核算研究还很少。
我们对各种数据库、政府出版物、学位论文、会议论文和参考资料进行了文献回顾。如果出版物报告了针对他人的酒精伤害成本，则将其纳入分析。使用从 Drummond 10 点清单修改而来的清单评估成本核算研究的方法学充分性。
共审查了 25 篇包括针对他人的酒精伤害成本的出版物。胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FAS）是最常被核算成本的他人伤害类型。24 篇出版物使用了疾病成本核算（COI）框架，而 1 篇使用了成本效益分析（CBA）作为进一步研究估算无形成本（例如受害者的生活质量损失）的起点。最常使用人力资本方法来量化间接成本（例如受害者的生产力损失）。大多数进行成本核算的出版物的评价质量评分都处于中等水平（25 篇中的 17 篇）。
很少有研究报告针对非饮酒者的伤害程度的成本，因此，各国对高风险饮酒行为的整体经济负担被低估了。本综述可以被视为未来针对他人酒精伤害成本核算的研究的起点。
