Immunogenetics, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2012 Aug;33(8):421-7. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2012.03.002. Epub 2012 May 19.
Microchimerism (Mc) refers to the harboring of a small number of cells (or DNA) that originated in a different individual. Naturally acquired Mc derives primarily from maternal cells in her progeny, or cells of fetal origin in women. Both maternal and fetal Mc are detected in hematopoietic cells including T and B cells, monocyte/macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells and granulocytes. Mc appears also to generate cells such as myocytes, hepatocytes, islet β cells and neurons. Here, the detrimental and beneficial potential of Mc is examined. The prevalence, diversity and durability of naturally acquired Mc, including in healthy individuals, indicates that a shift is needed from the conventional paradigm of 'self versus other' to a view of the normal 'self' as constitutively chimeric.
微嵌合体（Mc）是指在个体中存在少量来源于其他个体的细胞（或 DNA）。自然获得的 Mc 主要来源于母体细胞在其后代中的存在，或胎儿来源的细胞在女性中的存在。母体和胎儿 Mc 都存在于造血细胞中，包括 T 和 B 细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞、自然杀伤（NK）细胞和粒细胞。Mc 似乎也能产生细胞，如心肌细胞、肝细胞、胰岛β细胞和神经元。在这里，检查 Mc 的潜在有害和有益影响。自然获得 Mc 的流行率、多样性和持久性，包括在健康个体中，表明需要从传统的“自我与他人”范式转变为将正常的“自我”视为固有嵌合体的观点。
