Leveque Lucie, Khosrotehrani Kiarash
The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research; The University of Queensland; Brisbane, QLD Australia.
Chimerism. 2011 Jul;2(3):71-7. doi: 10.4161/chim.2.3.17589. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
The origins of autoimmunity are still elusive despite significant advances in immunology. There is cumulative evidence that, beyond simple genetics, the maternal environment plays a critical role in the development of common autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis or diabetes. In recent years, the trafficking of maternal cells to the offspring has been clearly demonstrated. This microchimerism represents the very first immunological event in fetal life. The number of persisting maternal cells has been associated with several autoimmune disorders such as systemic sclerosis, juvenile dermatomyositis and diabetes. The precise role of the maternal cells in these disorders remains unclear. Based on recent experimental work in an animal model of juvenile diabetes, we will discuss the possibility of maternal cells modifying the response of the developing fetal immunity towards self.
尽管免疫学取得了重大进展，但自身免疫的起源仍然难以捉摸。越来越多的证据表明，除了简单的遗传学因素外，母体环境在常见自身免疫性疾病（如多发性硬化症或糖尿病）的发展中起着关键作用。近年来，母体细胞向后代的转移已得到明确证实。这种微嵌合体代表了胎儿生命中的首个免疫事件。持续存在的母体细胞数量与几种自身免疫性疾病有关，如系统性硬化症、青少年皮肌炎和糖尿病。母体细胞在这些疾病中的确切作用仍不清楚。基于最近在青少年糖尿病动物模型中的实验工作，我们将讨论母体细胞改变发育中胎儿免疫系统对自身反应的可能性。
