State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2012 May;80(2):323-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01296.x.
Nitrification plays a significant role in the global nitrogen cycle. Ammonia oxidation, the first step of nitrification, is performed in wastewater treatment by both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA). Most previous studies focused on their distribution in natural environments. In this study we qualified and quantified AOB, AOA, total bacteria, and total archaea in six different wastewater treatment systems (WTSs) using clone library and real-time PCR techniques. The results revealed that wastewater quality was an essential factor for the distribution of AOB and AOA in aerobic reactors. Although both AOB and AOA were present in all samples and contributed to nitrification simultaneously, AOB were the dominant nitrifiers in the three industrial WTSs, whereas AOA were dominant in the three domestic WTSs. This indicates AOA may be more sensitive to some toxic compounds than AOB. In addition, the dominant groups of AOB in the industrial WTSs were Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira; the composition of AOA in the domestic WTSs was very similar, possibly due to the same source of raw sewage.
硝化作用在全球氮循环中起着重要作用。氨氧化作用，即硝化作用的第一步，在废水处理中由氨氧化细菌（AOB）和氨氧化古菌（AOA）共同完成。大多数先前的研究都集中在它们在自然环境中的分布。在这项研究中，我们使用克隆文库和实时 PCR 技术，在六个不同的废水处理系统（WTS）中定性和定量了 AOB、AOA、总细菌和总古菌。结果表明，废水质量是好氧反应器中 AOB 和 AOA 分布的一个重要因素。虽然 AOB 和 AOA 都存在于所有样本中，并同时参与硝化作用，但 AOB 是三个工业 WTS 的主要硝化菌，而 AOA 则是三个家庭 WTS 的主要硝化菌。这表明 AOA 可能比 AOB 对某些有毒化合物更敏感。此外，工业 WTS 中 AOB 的优势种群是亚硝化单胞菌属和硝化螺旋菌属；家庭 WTS 中 AOA 的组成非常相似，可能是由于原污水的来源相同。
