Park Song-Yi, Zhu Kangmin, Potter John F, Kolonel Laurence N
Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
J Mil Veterans Health. 2011 Apr;19(2):4-9.
Nationwide surveys in the United States found that certain health-related factors, in particular cigarette smoking and obesity, were more prevalent in veterans than in non-veterans. PURPOSE: The objective of this paper was to compare health-related characteristics and dietary intakes between veterans and non-veterans in the Multiethnic Cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cohort participants (aged 45-75 years), residing in Hawaii and California at baseline, completed a mailed questionnaire on diet, medical history, and lifestyle in 1993-1996. The current analyses included 20,939 men (14,975 veterans and 5,964 non-veterans) who returned a survey questionnaire on military service in 2007. RESULTS: Compared to non-veterans, veterans were more likely to be overweight and obese (BMI≥25, 61% vs. 55%), former smokers (54% vs. 47%), heavier consumers of red and processed meat, and lighter consumers of fruits and vegetables. Within the veteran group, enlisted men were more likely to be obese, to have a history of smoking, to consume more processed meat and to consume smaller amounts of dairy products and fruits than officers. CONCLUSION: The findings imply that veterans as a group are at somewhat higher risk of developing lifestyle-related chronic diseases than are non-veterans. Comparisons of actual differences in disease incidence and mortality in the Multiethnic Cohort between veterans and non-veterans will require several more years of follow-up.
美国的全国性调查发现，某些与健康相关的因素，尤其是吸烟和肥胖，在退伍军人中比在非退伍军人中更为普遍。目的：本文的目的是比较多民族队列中退伍军人和非退伍军人的健康相关特征及饮食摄入情况。材料与方法：队列参与者（年龄在45 - 75岁之间），基线时居住在夏威夷和加利福尼亚，于1993 - 1996年完成了一份关于饮食、病史和生活方式的邮寄问卷。当前分析纳入了20939名男性（14975名退伍军人和5964名非退伍军人），他们于2007年返回了一份关于兵役情况的调查问卷。结果：与非退伍军人相比，退伍军人更有可能超重和肥胖（BMI≥25，61%对55%），是 former smokers（54%对47%），红肉和加工肉类的消费量更大，水果和蔬菜的消费量更小。在退伍军人组中， enlisted men 比军官更有可能肥胖、有吸烟史、食用更多加工肉类且食用较少的乳制品和水果。结论：研究结果表明，退伍军人作为一个群体患与生活方式相关的慢性病的风险比非退伍军人略高。要比较多民族队列中退伍军人和非退伍军人在疾病发病率和死亡率方面的实际差异，还需要数年的随访。 注：原文中“former smokers”可能有误，推测应该是“曾经吸烟者”，“enlisted men”不太明确具体意思，可能是“应征入伍者”之类的，根据语境大致翻译。
