二氧化碳浓度升高对油棕（油椰子）幼苗初生代谢物、次生代谢物和抗氧化反应的影响。
Impact of elevated carbon dioxide on primary, secondary metabolites and antioxidant responses of Eleais guineensis Jacq. (oil palm) seedlings.
机构信息
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
出版信息
Molecules. 2012 May 4;17(5):5195-211. doi: 10.3390/molecules17055195.
A split plot 3 by 3 experiment was designed to investigate the relationships among production of primary metabolites (soluble sugar and starch), secondary metabolites (total flavonoids, TF; total phenolics, TP), phenylalanine lyase (PAL) activity (EC 4.3.1.5), protein and antioxidant activity (FRAP) of three progenies of oil palm seedlings, namely Deli AVROS, Deli Yangambi and Deli URT, under three levels of CO₂ enrichment (400, 800 and 1,200 μmol·mol⁻¹) for 15 weeks of exposure. During the study, the treatment effects were solely contributed by CO₂ enrichment levels; no progenies and interaction effects were observed. As CO₂ levels increased from 400 to 1,200 μmol·mol⁻¹, the production of carbohydrate increased steadily, especially for starch more than soluble sugar. The production of total flavonoids and phenolics contents, were the highest under 1,200 and lowest at 400 μmol·mol⁻¹. It was found that PAL activity was peaked under 1,200 μmol·mol⁻¹ followed by 800 μmol·mol⁻¹ and 400 μmol·mol⁻¹. However, soluble protein was highest under 400 μmol·mol⁻¹ and lowest under 1,200 μmol·mol⁻¹. The sucrose/starch ratio, i.e., the indication of sucrose phosphate synthase actvity (EC 2.4.1.14) was found to be lowest as CO₂ concentration increased from 400 > 800 > 1,200 μmol·mol⁻¹. The antioxidant activity, as determined by the ferric reducing/antioxidant potential (FRAP) activity, increased with increasing CO₂ levels, and was significantly lower than vitamin C and α-tocopherol but higher than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Correlation analysis revealed that nitrogen has a significant negative correlation with carbohydrate, secondary metabolites and FRAP activity indicating up-regulation of production of carbohydrate, secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of oil palm seedling under elevated CO₂ was due to reduction in nitrogen content in oil palm seedling expose to high CO₂ levels.
采用裂区 3 乘 3 设计，研究了 3 个油棕品系（Deli AVROS、Deli Yangambi 和 Deli URT）幼苗在 CO₂浓度分别为 400、800 和 1200 μmol·mol⁻¹ 条件下 15 周暴露过程中，初级代谢产物（可溶性糖和淀粉）、次生代谢产物（总黄酮、总酚）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性（EC 4.3.1.5）、蛋白质和抗氧化活性（FRAP）与 CO₂浓度之间的关系。研究期间，处理效应仅由 CO₂浓度决定，未观察到品系和互作效应。随着 CO₂浓度从 400 增加到 1200 μmol·mol⁻¹，碳水化合物的产量持续稳定增加，尤其是淀粉比可溶性糖增加更多。总黄酮和酚类物质的产量在 1200 μmol·mol⁻¹ 时最高，在 400 μmol·mol⁻¹ 时最低。发现 PAL 活性在 1200 μmol·mol⁻¹ 时达到峰值，800 μmol·mol⁻¹ 时次之，400 μmol·mol⁻¹ 时最低。然而，可溶性蛋白质在 400 μmol·mol⁻¹ 时最高，在 1200 μmol·mol⁻¹ 时最低。蔗糖/淀粉比（即蔗糖磷酸合酶活性（EC 2.4.1.14）的指示）随着 CO₂浓度从 400>800>1200 μmol·mol⁻¹ 增加而降低。抗氧化活性（通过铁还原/抗氧化能力（FRAP）活性测定）随 CO₂浓度增加而增加，明显低于维生素 C 和α-生育酚，但高于丁基羟基甲苯（BHT）。相关性分析表明，氮与碳水化合物、次生代谢产物和 FRAP 活性呈显著负相关，这表明在高 CO₂水平下，氮含量的减少导致油棕幼苗碳水化合物、次生代谢产物和抗氧化活性的增加。
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