Rao K V K, Samikkannu T, Dakshayani K B, Zhang X, Sathaye S S, Indap M A, Nair Madhavan P N
Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(3):1031-8. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.3.1031.
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor properties. However, despite the progress in research with C. longa, there is still a big lacuna in the information on the active principles and their molecular targets. More particularly very little is known about the role of cell cycle genes p57(kip2) and Rad9 during chemoprevention by turmeric and its derivatives especially in prostate cancer cell lines.
Accordingly, in this study, we have examined the antitumor effect of several extracts of C. longa rhizomes by successive fractionation in clonogenic assays using highly metastatic PC-3M prostate cancer cell line.
A mixture of isopropyl alcohol: acetone: water: chloroform: and methanol extract of C. longa showed significant bioactivity. Further partition of this extract showed that bioactivity resides in the dichloromethane soluble fraction. Column chromatography of this fraction showed presence of biological activity only in ethyl acetate eluted fraction. HPLC, UV-Vis and Mass spectra studies showed presence three curcuminoids in this fraction besides few unidentified components.
From these observations it was concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction showed not only inhibition of colony forming ability of PC-3M cells but also up-regulated cell cycle genes p57(kip2) and Rad9 and further reduced the migration and invasive ability of prostate cancer cells.
姜黄（Curcuma longa）已被证明具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗肿瘤特性。然而，尽管对姜黄的研究取得了进展，但关于其活性成分及其分子靶点的信息仍存在很大空白。更具体地说，关于细胞周期基因p57（kip2）和Rad9在姜黄及其衍生物化学预防中的作用，尤其是在前列腺癌细胞系中的作用，人们知之甚少。
因此，在本研究中，我们使用高转移性PC-3M前列腺癌细胞系，通过克隆形成试验中的连续分级分离，研究了姜黄根茎几种提取物的抗肿瘤作用。
姜黄的异丙醇：丙酮：水：氯仿：甲醇提取物混合物显示出显著的生物活性。该提取物的进一步分离表明，生物活性存在于二氯甲烷可溶部分。该部分的柱色谱显示，仅乙酸乙酯洗脱部分具有生物活性。高效液相色谱、紫外可见光谱和质谱研究表明，该部分除了几种未鉴定的成分外，还存在三种姜黄素类化合物。
从这些观察结果得出结论，乙酸乙酯部分不仅抑制PC-3M细胞的集落形成能力，还上调细胞周期基因p57（kip2）和Rad9，并进一步降低前列腺癌细胞的迁移和侵袭能力。
