Department of Oral Surgery, Padova University Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Padova, Italy.
J Periodontol. 2013 Apr;84(4):502-12. doi: 10.1902/jop.2012.110691. Epub 2012 May 25.
The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the medium- to long-term prognosis of short implants in partially and totally edentulous patients with mandibular bone atrophy.
The study involved 109 patients with 280 implants placed in the mandible. The implants were 7 or 8.5 mm long and 3.75 or 4 mm in diameter. The implant surfaces were machined (M; n = 176) or rough (R; n = 104). Patients were asked to attend a radiographic and clinical follow-up, and their previous clinical records and radiographs were assessed. Implant-related and prosthetic failures and complications were recorded.
The mean follow-up was 9 years (range of 5 to 16 years). The survival rate (SSR) and success rate (SR) were calculated using life-table analysis for both M and R short implants. The M implants had a 16-year SSR of 95.7% and a corresponding SR of 93.9%, whereas the 16-year SSR and SR for the R implants were 97.2% and 95.2%, respectively. The mean ± SD bone resorption for all implants was 1.37 ± 0.5 mm. For marginal bone loss, there was no statistically significant difference between the two implant lengths (P = 0.38) or diameters (P = 0.34) or between the M and R implant surfaces (P = 0.47).
Different implant lengths, diameters, and surface treatments do not appear to influence the prognosis of the implant. Within the limitation that most of the short implants were splinted to longer implants, the reduced length of the fixtures did not worsen the long-term survival of the implant-supported fixed prostheses.
本回顾性研究旨在探讨下颌骨萎缩的部分和完全缺牙患者中短种植体的中远期预后。
本研究纳入了 109 名患者的 280 枚种植体，这些种植体长度为 7 或 8.5 毫米，直径为 3.75 或 4 毫米。种植体表面经过机械加工（M；n = 176）或粗糙处理（R；n = 104）。要求患者接受影像学和临床随访，并评估他们之前的临床记录和影像学检查。记录与种植体相关的失败和并发症以及修复体失败和并发症。
平均随访时间为 9 年（5 至 16 年）。使用寿命表分析法计算 M 和 R 短种植体的种植体相关生存率（SSR）和成功率（SR）。M 种植体的 16 年 SSR 为 95.7%，相应的 SR 为 93.9%，而 R 种植体的 16 年 SSR 和 SR 分别为 97.2%和 95.2%。所有种植体的平均骨吸收量为 1.37 ± 0.5 毫米。对于边缘骨丧失，两种种植体长度（P = 0.38）、直径（P = 0.34）或 M 和 R 种植体表面之间（P = 0.47）无统计学差异。
不同的种植体长度、直径和表面处理似乎不会影响种植体的预后。在大多数短种植体与较长种植体桥接的限制范围内，固定装置长度的缩短并未使种植体支持固定修复体的长期存活率恶化。
