University Eye Hostpital Essen, Department Neuroophthalmology, Strabism and Oculoplasics, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Jun;26(3):339-58. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2011.11.002.
The aims of surgical treatment in Graves's orbitopathy (GO) are improvement of function and appearance. Since antiinflammatory treatment of GO rarely results in a complete resolution of symptoms, surgical treatment is very important for patients well being. Rehabilitative surgery includes orbital decompression, squint correction, lid lengthening and blepharoplasty and these procedures have to be performed in centres of expertise. Various techniques have been developed for orbital decompression which allow now a graded approach to proptosis reduction and optic nerve decompression in emergency situations. Extraocular muscle recessions can be successfully performed to treat most of the patients with diplopia. Only large or complex squint angles are difficult to treat and step by step procedures are recommended in these patients. Lid lengthening procedures are performed most often in GO patients and should be performed under local anaesthesia to get a good result. Serious complications are rare.
甲状腺眼病（GO）的外科治疗目的是改善功能和外观。由于抗炎治疗很少能使 GO 的症状完全缓解，因此手术治疗对患者的健康非常重要。康复性手术包括眼眶减压、斜视矫正、眼睑延长和眼睑成形术，这些手术必须在专业中心进行。已经开发出各种眼眶减压技术，现在可以在急诊情况下对眼球突出和视神经减压进行分级处理。眼外肌后退术可以成功地治疗大多数复视患者。只有大的或复杂的斜视角度难以治疗，建议这些患者逐步进行治疗。眼睑延长手术在 GO 患者中最常进行，应在局部麻醉下进行，以获得良好的效果。严重的并发症很少见。
