Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2012 Oct;132(1-2):160-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.05.005. Epub 2012 May 24.
Progesterone affects lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and influences fat distribution in human. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of progesterone on rat body and fat mass and on expression of genes encoding adipokines involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis. The results presented here indicate that progesterone administration to females caused increase in body and inguinal white adipose tissue mass. The increase of inguinal white adipose tissue mass is associated with the hypertrophy of adipocyte. The same dose of progesterone caused increase of its circulating concentration in males, however it barely reached the value observed in non-treated control females and did not have any effect on body and fat mass. The elevated circulating progesterone concentration was associated with an approximately 6- and 2-fold increase of leptin and resistin mRNA level respectively, and 2-fold decrease of adiponectin mRNA level only in inguinal white adipose tissue of females. RU 486, specific antagonist of progesterone receptor, abolished the effect of progesterone on the adipokine mRNA level in inguinal adipose tissue. In males, the elevated circulating progesterone concentration showed no effects on leptin, resistin or adiponectin mRNA level in inguinal, retroperitoneal or epididymal adipose tissue. Moreover, the results presented in this paper demonstrate a relatively high level of progesterone receptor mRNA in inguinal white adipose tissue of females, which was down-regulated in response to progesterone administration. In retroperitoneal adipose tissue of control females progesterone receptor mRNA level was approximately 3-fold lower as compared to inguinal adipose tissue. In inguinal, epididymal and retroperitoneal white adipose tissue of males progesterone receptor mRNA was hardly detected. Our results suggest that depot- and sex-dependent responsiveness of adipose tissue to the pharmacological dose of progesterone is controlled by both circulating concentration of progesterone and the white adipose tissue progesterone receptor level.
孕激素影响脂肪组织中的脂质代谢，并影响人体脂肪分布。本研究旨在分析孕激素对大鼠体重和脂肪量以及参与能量平衡调节的脂肪因子编码基因表达的影响。本研究结果表明，孕激素给药可使雌性大鼠体重和腹股沟白色脂肪组织质量增加。腹股沟白色脂肪组织质量的增加与脂肪细胞肥大有关。相同剂量的孕激素使雄性大鼠的循环浓度增加，但仅达到未处理对照组雌性大鼠的观察值，对体重和脂肪量没有影响。升高的循环孕激素浓度与瘦素和抵抗素 mRNA 水平分别约增加 6 倍和 2 倍，以及仅在雌性腹股沟白色脂肪组织中降低 adiponectin mRNA 水平 2 倍有关。RU486，孕激素受体的特异性拮抗剂，消除了孕激素对腹股沟脂肪组织中脂肪因子 mRNA 水平的影响。在雄性中，升高的循环孕激素浓度对腹股沟、腹膜后或附睾脂肪组织中的瘦素、抵抗素或 adiponectin mRNA 水平没有影响。此外，本文的结果表明，雌性腹股沟白色脂肪组织中孕激素受体 mRNA 水平相对较高，而给予孕激素后其水平下调。在对照组雌性的腹膜后脂肪组织中，孕激素受体 mRNA 水平约为腹股沟脂肪组织的 3 倍。在雄性的腹股沟、附睾和腹膜后白色脂肪组织中几乎未检测到孕激素受体 mRNA。我们的结果表明，脂肪组织对药理学剂量孕激素的组织和性别依赖性反应受循环孕激素浓度和白色脂肪组织孕激素受体水平的控制。
