Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Health Educ Res. 2012 Oct;27(5):814-24. doi: 10.1093/her/cys058. Epub 2012 May 28.
The goal of the study was to explore low-income minority patients' concepts of diabetes self-management and assess the extent to which patient beliefs correspond to evidence-based recommendations. African American and Mexican American patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from safety net clinics that serve the uninsured and under-insured in Chicago and San Francisco to participate in focus group discussions. Grounded theory was used to identify themes related to diabetes self-management. Strategies participants mentioned for diabetes self-care were medication use, diet, weight loss and exercise. Eating more fruit and vegetables and consuming smaller portions were the most commonly mentioned dietary behaviors to control diabetes. African Americans expressed skepticism about taking medications. Mexican Americans discussed barriers to acquiring medications and use of herbal remedies. Mexican Americans frequently mentioned intentional exercise of long duration as a management strategy, whereas African Americans more frequently described exercise as regular activities of daily living. Blood glucose self-monitoring and reducing risks of diabetes complications were rarely mentioned as diabetes self-management behaviors. African American and Mexican American patients have different concepts of diabetes self-management, especially with regard to medication use and physical activity. Consideration of these differences may facilitate design of effective self-management interventions for these high-risk populations.
这项研究的目的是探索低收入少数民族患者对糖尿病自我管理的概念，并评估患者的信念与基于证据的建议的符合程度。从为芝加哥和旧金山的无保险和保险不足人群服务的安全网诊所招募了 2 型糖尿病的非裔美国人和墨西哥裔美国患者，以参与焦点小组讨论。扎根理论用于确定与糖尿病自我管理相关的主题。参与者提到的糖尿病自我护理策略包括药物使用、饮食、减肥和运动。多吃水果和蔬菜以及少吃是控制糖尿病最常提到的饮食行为。非裔美国人对服用药物表示怀疑。墨西哥裔美国人讨论了获取药物和使用草药疗法的障碍。墨西哥裔美国人经常提到有意进行长时间的锻炼作为管理策略，而非洲裔美国人则更经常将锻炼描述为日常生活中的常规活动。很少有人提到自我监测血糖和降低糖尿病并发症风险作为糖尿病自我管理行为。非裔美国人和墨西哥裔美国患者对糖尿病自我管理的概念不同，尤其是在药物使用和体育活动方面。考虑到这些差异可能有助于为这些高风险人群设计有效的自我管理干预措施。
