The School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky (Dr Chlebowy)
The School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky (Ms Hood, Dr LaJoie)
Diabetes Educ. 2010 Nov-Dec;36(6):897-905. doi: 10.1177/0145721710385579. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
The purpose of this study was to identify facilitators and barriers to self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among urban African American adults.
Thirty-eight African American adults with T2DM were recruited from 1 of 3 health care agencies in a midsized city in the southeastern United States. Qualitative data were obtained using focus groups, wherein each participant engaged in a 60- to 90-minute audio-recorded session. Focus group data were transcribed and analyzed using Atlas ti 6(®) data analysis software. Demographic and medical history information was also collected.
Factors relating to external locus of control primarily facilitated adherence to T2DM self-management behaviors. Support from family, peers, and health care providers positively influenced adherence behaviors by providing cues to action, direct assistance, reinforcement, and knowledge. Internal factors were primarily described as barriers to self-management behaviors and included fears associated with glucose monitoring, lack of self-control over dietary habits, memory failure, and perceived lack of personal control over diabetes.
African Americans perceived external factors as facilitators of their T2DM management behaviors and internal factors as barriers to self-management. Further research is necessary to design and test interventions that capitalize on the external facilitators while helping African Americans to overcome perceived barriers identified in this study.
本研究旨在确定城市非裔美国成年人 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）自我管理的促进因素和障碍。
从美国东南部一个中等城市的 3 家医疗保健机构中招募了 38 名患有 T2DM 的非裔美国成年人。使用焦点小组获得定性数据，其中每位参与者都参加了 60-90 分钟的录音会议。使用 Atlas ti 6(®)数据分析软件对焦点小组数据进行转录和分析。还收集了人口统计学和病史信息。
与外部控制源相关的因素主要促进了 T2DM 自我管理行为的依从性。来自家人、同龄人、和医疗保健提供者的支持通过提供行动线索、直接帮助、强化和知识积极影响了依从性行为。内部因素主要被描述为自我管理行为的障碍，包括与血糖监测相关的恐惧、对饮食习惯缺乏自我控制、记忆失败以及对个人控制糖尿病的感知不足。
非裔美国人认为外部因素是他们 T2DM 管理行为的促进因素，而内部因素是自我管理的障碍。需要进一步研究，以设计和测试利用外部促进因素的干预措施，同时帮助非裔美国人克服本研究中确定的感知障碍。
