Gundarova R A, Kataev M G
Vestn Oftalmol. 1990 Sep-Oct;106(5):19-22.
Clinical picture of extraocular foreign bodies in the orbit is analyzed in 49 patients, specific features of the diagnosis and treatment of this condition are discussed. Study of the topography of foreign bodies in the orbit has helped distinguish the clinically significant area of fragment localization, areas at a high risk of developing complications, and 'quite' areas. A localizing probe on a space molding was found an effective diagnostic tool. Using this probe, stereotopic localization of a foreign body may be associated with roentgen-negative intraorbital structures, i.e. vessels, nerves, muscles. Topographic location of a foreign body helped explain a considerable vision acuity reduction in relatively transparent media, recurrences of hemorrhages to the fundus oculi, and the type of the pain syndrome. Foreign body removal is indicated in stubborn persistent pain and regressive time course of changes.
对49例眼眶内眼外异物的临床情况进行了分析，讨论了该病诊断和治疗的特点。对眼眶内异物的位置研究有助于区分碎片定位的临床重要区域、发生并发症的高风险区域和“相对安全”区域。发现一种用于空间塑形的定位探针是一种有效的诊断工具。使用该探针，异物的立体定位可能与X线阴性的眶内结构（即血管、神经、肌肉）有关。异物的位置有助于解释相对透明介质中视力显著下降、眼底反复出血以及疼痛综合征的类型。在顽固性持续疼痛和病情呈退行性发展时，应进行异物取出。
