Departamento de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Madero y Gonzalitos S/N, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
Inhal Toxicol. 2012 Jun;24(7):434-8. doi: 10.3109/08958378.2012.684364.
Toluene inhalation is a common form of drug abuse throughout the world. Acute toluene toxicity causes neurological changes as well as various metabolic alterations. Hypokalemic paralysis and renal failure are life-threatening complications.
To identify the clinical and metabolic alterations associated with toluene intoxication.
We retrospectively analyzed the records of 22 patients that were admitted to a single center's emergency department from 2006 to 2012 with clinical and metabolic alterations due to toluene inhalation.
Of the 22 patients, 77% were male and mean age was 23.5 years (range: 17-30). The main clinical presentation was weakness associated to severe hypokalemia. Severe metabolic acidosis was found in 20 patients. Renal tubular acidosis was diagnosed in five patients. The patients responded to supportive measures and aggressive potassium repletion. Prognosis was generally good.
Toluene inhalation is associated with various severe metabolic alterations. Treatment guidelines are needed considering the frequency of toluene inhalation in the population.
甲苯吸入是全世界常见的药物滥用形式。急性甲苯中毒会引起神经系统变化以及各种代谢紊乱。低钾性瘫痪和肾衰竭是危及生命的并发症。
确定与甲苯中毒相关的临床和代谢变化。
我们回顾性分析了 2006 年至 2012 年间因甲苯吸入导致临床和代谢改变而在一个中心急诊就诊的 22 例患者的记录。
22 例患者中，77%为男性，平均年龄为 23.5 岁（范围：17-30 岁）。主要临床表现为严重低钾血症相关的无力。20 例患者存在严重代谢性酸中毒。5 例患者诊断为肾小管性酸中毒。患者对支持性措施和积极补钾有反应。预后通常良好。
甲苯吸入与各种严重代谢紊乱有关。考虑到人群中甲苯吸入的频率，需要制定治疗指南。
