Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa.
Pediatr Radiol. 2012 Aug;42(8):923-31. doi: 10.1007/s00247-012-2399-x. Epub 2012 May 30.
Lymphobronchial tuberculosis (TB) is tuberculous lymphadenopathy involving the airways, which is particularly common in children.
To describe CT findings of lymphobronchial TB in children, the parenchymal complications and associated abnormalities.
CT scans of children with lymphobronchial TB were reviewed retrospectively. Lymphadenopathy, bronchial narrowing, parenchymal complications and associations were documented.
Infants comprised 51% of patients. The commonest site of lymphadenopathy was the subcarinal mediastinum (97% of patients). Bronchial compression was seen in all children (259 bronchi, of these 28% the bronchus intermedius) with severe or complete stenosis in 23% of affected bronchi. Parenchymal complications were present in 94% of patients, including consolidation (88%), breakdown (42%), air trapping (38%), expansile pneumonia (28%), collapse (17%) and bronchiectasis (9%), all predominantly on the right side (63%). Associated abnormalities included ovoid lesions, miliary nodules, pleural disease and intracavitary bodies.
Airway compression was more severe in infants and most commonly involved the bronchus intermedius. Numerous parenchymal complications were documented, all showing right-side predominance.
淋巴支气管结核（TB）是累及气道的结核性淋巴结病，尤其常见于儿童。
描述儿童淋巴支气管 TB 的 CT 表现、实质并发症及相关异常。
回顾性分析经 CT 诊断的淋巴支气管 TB 患儿的资料。记录淋巴结病、支气管狭窄、实质并发症及相关异常。
患儿中婴儿占 51%。最常见的淋巴结病部位是隆突下纵隔（97%的患儿）。所有患儿均有支气管受压（259 支支气管，其中 28%为中间支气管），受累支气管中 23%有严重或完全狭窄。94%的患儿有实质并发症，包括实变（88%）、破坏（42%）、空气潴留（38%）、膨胀性肺炎（28%）、塌陷（17%）和支气管扩张（9%），所有病变均主要位于右侧（63%）。相关异常包括类圆形病灶、粟粒结节、胸膜疾病和腔内体。
婴儿的气道压迫更严重，最常累及中间支气管。有多种实质并发症，均表现为右侧优势。
