Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, USA.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2012 Aug;42(4):416-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278X.2012.00100.x. Epub 2012 May 30.
Previous research has suggested that emotion dysregulation, body-related concerns, and depressive symptoms are associated with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and disordered eating (DE) separately and in combination. However, it has been difficult to ascertain to what extent these constructs contribute to NSSI and DE given the relatively small number of studies examining their co-occurrence, particularly among nonclinical samples. Based on responses to self-report questionnaires, college-aged women who completed the study were divided into three groups: NSSI only; DE only; and NSSI + DE based on clinical cutoff criteria. Results support hypotheses that emotion dysregulation is a shared vulnerability and that body-related concerns and depression exhibit unique patterns of association across the three groups. It appears that NSSI is best understood as a response to negative affective states relative to DE, which is best understood as a set of behaviors motivated by body image concerns. The presence of both NSSI and DE is primarily influenced by emotion dysregulation and the dominant difficulties linked to each behavior; depression and body dissatisfaction. These findings suggest that treatment and prevention efforts should emphasize emotion regulation skills and differentially target body concerns or depressive symptoms according to the primary behavioral dysfunction that is present.
先前的研究表明，情绪失调、与身体相关的担忧和抑郁症状分别与非自杀性自伤（NSSI）和饮食失调（DE）有关，也有研究表明它们同时存在。然而，由于研究它们共同发生的数量相对较少，特别是在非临床样本中，很难确定这些结构在多大程度上导致了 NSSI 和 DE。基于对自我报告问卷的回答，完成研究的成年女性被分为三组：仅 NSSI；仅 DE；以及根据临床临界标准的 NSSI+DE。研究结果支持以下假设：情绪失调是一种共同的脆弱性，而与身体相关的担忧和抑郁在三组中表现出独特的关联模式。似乎可以理解为，NSSI 是对负面情绪状态的反应，而 DE 则可以理解为一种由身体形象担忧驱动的行为。同时存在 NSSI 和 DE 主要受情绪失调和与每种行为相关的主要困难（抑郁和身体不满）的影响。这些发现表明，治疗和预防措施应强调情绪调节技能，并根据存在的主要行为功能障碍，有针对性地解决身体担忧或抑郁症状。
