Alameda Bailén Jose Ramón, Paíno Quesada Susana, Mogedas Valladares Ana Isabel
Área de Psicología Básica de la Universidad de Huelva, España.
Adicciones. 2012;24(2):161-72.
Several neuropsychological studies have shown that chronic cannabis users have cognitive impairments, including decision-making process. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the process, through the somatic marker hypothesis in a sample of 41 cannabis users compared with a control group of equal size, and to analyze the influence of age, sex, education level, age of onset and amount of daily consumption. In order to do that, the software "Cartas" (similar to the Iowa Gambling Task), was used, implementing its two versions: normal and reverse. The results show significant differences between cannabis users and control group in the normal and reverse task execution. By block analysis, the control group obtained higher scores in the normal task execution, however, in the reverse task, the differences between groups are present in the initial task execution but not final task execution. None of the analyzed variables (age, sex ...) are significantly related to task performance. These results suggest the existence of alterations in the decision making process of consumers cannabis, which may relate to the difficulty in generating somatic markers, and not for insensitivity punishments insensitivity.
多项神经心理学研究表明，长期使用大麻的人存在认知障碍，包括决策过程。因此，本研究旨在通过躯体标记假说，在41名大麻使用者样本与同等规模的对照组中评估该过程，并分析年龄、性别、教育水平、开始使用年龄和每日使用量的影响。为此，使用了软件“Cartas”（类似于爱荷华赌博任务），实施其两个版本：正常版和反向版。结果显示，大麻使用者与对照组在正常和反向任务执行方面存在显著差异。通过分块分析，对照组在正常任务执行中获得更高分数，然而，在反向任务中，组间差异出现在初始任务执行中，而非最终任务执行中。所分析的变量（年龄、性别……）均与任务表现无显著关联。这些结果表明，大麻使用者的决策过程存在改变，这可能与产生躯体标记的困难有关，而非对惩罚不敏感。
